Which of the following are true about precocious puberty? (Select all that apply, some, one, or none)
May be idopathic
Peripheral precocious puberty is independent of gonadotropin release from the pituitary gland
Central precocious puberty is caused by premature activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis
It is defined as the onset of secondary sexual characteristics before age 8 in girls and age 9 in boys
Tall stature during childhood is a common feature, but final adult height may be shorter than expected without treatment
Correct Answer : A,B,C,D,E
A. May be idiopathic: In many cases, especially central precocious puberty, no identifiable underlying cause is found. This is referred to as idiopathic precocious puberty and is a common diagnosis, particularly in girls.
B. Peripheral precocious puberty is independent of gonadotropin release from the pituitary gland: Peripheral (or gonadotropin-independent) precocious puberty occurs due to hormone secretion from sources other than the pituitary, such as adrenal tumors or ovarian cysts.
C. Central precocious puberty is caused by premature activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis: This is the most common form and involves early activation of the normal puberty pathway via the HPG axis.
D. It is defined as the onset of secondary sexual characteristics before age 8 in girls and age 9 in boys: This is the widely accepted medical definition of precocious puberty based on chronological age for the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics.
E. Tall stature during childhood is a common feature, but final adult height may be shorter than expected without treatment: Early growth spurts can lead to early closure of growth plates, resulting in reduced adult height if untreated.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Exercise soon after eating to increase gastric emptying: Physical activity immediately after meals may actually worsen reflux symptoms by increasing intra-abdominal pressure and promoting acid reflux.
B. Try these proton-pump inhibitors for 2 weeks: Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a first-line treatment for GERD. They reduce gastric acid production, promoting symptom relief and esophageal healing.
C. You need to schedule an upper GI endoscopy soon: Endoscopy is not immediately necessary unless there are alarm symptoms like dysphagia, weight loss, or bleeding. Initial management focuses on medication and lifestyle changes.
D. Over-the-counter antiemetics work well for this condition: Antiemetics are not effective in treating the underlying cause of GERD, which is acid reflux, not nausea or vomiting. They would not effectively treat the heartburn or esophageal inflammation associated with GERD.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Liver cirrhosis: Although chronic alcohol use can cause cirrhosis, the acute presentation with severe abdominal pain, fever, hypotension, and elevated amylase and lipase is more indicative of pancreatitis rather than cirrhosis, which typically presents with chronic symptoms.
B. Acute pancreatitis: Sudden severe abdominal pain, fever, low blood pressure, and elevated inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein along with elevated pancreatic enzymes (amylase and lipase) strongly suggest acute pancreatitis. Alcohol use is a common risk factor for this condition.
C. Hepatitis C: This usually presents with more chronic symptoms related to liver dysfunction fatigue, nausea, dark urine, and jaundice. It does not cause elevated pancreatic enzymes or acute abdominal pain.
D. Cholecystitis: While cholecystitis causes abdominal pain and fever, it does not typically cause elevated amylase and lipase levels unless there is associated pancreatitis. The vital signs and enzyme elevations point more directly to pancreatitis.
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