During a follow-up clinic visit, a mother tells the nurse that her 5-month-old son who had surgical correction for tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) has rapid breathing, often takes a long time to eat, and requires frequent rest periods. The infant is not crying while being held and his growth is in the expected range. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Evaluate infant for failure to thrive (FTT).
Auscultate heart and lungs while infant is held.
Stimulate the infant to cry to produce cyanosis.
Obtain a 12-lead electrocardiogram.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Evaluating the infant for failure to thrive (FTT) is not the most appropriate initial intervention in this case. FTT is a long-term growth issue, and the immediate concern is the infant's current symptoms and cardiac status.
B. Auscultate heart and lungs while the infant is held.
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a congenital heart defect that includes four specific cardiac abnormalities, and it often requires surgical correction in infancy. When an infant with a history of TOF surgery presents with symptoms such as rapid breathing, feeding difficulties, and fatigue, it may raise concerns about potential cardiac issues or complications.
The most appropriate initial intervention is to auscultate the infant's heart and lungs while the infant is held to assess for any abnormal heart sounds or signs of respiratory distress. Auscultation can provide important information about the infant's cardiac and respiratory status. This assessment will help determine if there are any immediate concerns related to the infant's cardiac condition.
C. Stimulating the infant to cry to produce cyanosis is not a recommended or appropriate intervention. Cyanosis is a sign of inadequate oxygenation and should not be induced in a child.
D. Obtaining a 12-lead electrocardiogram may be indicated if there are significant concerns about the infant's cardiac status, but auscultation should be performed first to assess the immediate condition. An electrocardiogram is a diagnostic tool and would be ordered as a follow-up assessment if needed.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C"]
Explanation
B. Check pedal pulses every 4 hours: This order should be questioned because after a ventricular septal defect closure, it is essential to assess and monitor peripheral pulses frequently, especially in the immediate post-catheterization period. Checking pedal pulses every 4 hours may not provide adequate monitoring and could potentially lead to delayed detection of complications.
C. Give lactated Ringers intravenously at 66 ml/hr while NPO: This order should be questioned because it specifies a continuous intravenous infusion of lactated Ringer's solution, but the patient is listed as "Nothing by mouth" (E). In cases where a patient is NPO, it's important to clarify the rationale for the intravenous fluid rate and consider whether it's appropriate, especially after a cardiac catheterization procedure.
The other orders are appropriate or necessary for the post-catheterization care of a child with a closed ventricular septal defect:
A. Point of care blood glucose: Monitoring blood glucose levels is relevant in post-catheterization care.
D. Vital signs every 4 hours: Monitoring vital signs is standard post-catheterization care.
F. Admit to the pediatric floor for observation: This order is appropriate for post-catheterization observation.
G. Check dressing every 15 minutes for 1 hour and then every hour: Frequent dressing checks are important for assessing and preventing bleeding or other complications at the catheterization site.
H. Place the child on a continuous cardiopulmonary monitor: Continuous monitoring is important for early detection of any cardiopulmonary issues in the post-catheterization period.
In summary, monitoring peripheral pulses and the appropriateness of intravenous fluids in relation to NPO status should be questioned in this context.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Using 1-word sentences is more characteristic of a child's speech development at around 12-18 months, and by age 3, children are expected to use more words in their sentences.
B. Speaks in simple sentences with four or more words.
At the age of 3, children typically progress in their speech and language development. Speaking in simple sentences with four or more words is considered a normal developmental milestone at this age. It reflects the child's growing ability to form more complex and coherent sentences.
C. Recognizing most letters and numbers is not typically a developmental milestone for a 3-year-old. This skill often develops later, closer to the preschool and kindergarten years.
D. Using gestures with 1 to 2-word sentences may be seen in younger children, but by age 3, children should be progressing to longer and more complex sentences as part of their language development.
It's important to remember that there can be some individual variation in language development, but by the age of 3, children are generally expected to speak in simple sentences with more words and demonstrate growing language skills.
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