During a follow-up visit, a patient who has been on estrogen therapy admits that she has continued to smoke cigarettes. The nurse will remind the patient that smoking while on estrogen may lead to increased:

Incidence of nausea

Levels of triglycerides

Risk for thrombosis

Tendency to bleed during menstruation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because nausea is not a common or serious adverse effect of estrogen therapy. However, the patient should take the estrogen with food or milk to prevent stomach upset.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect because triglycerides are not affected by estrogen therapy. However, the patient should monitor their cholesterol and blood pressure levels regularly and follow a healthy diet and exercise regimen.

Choice C reason: This is correct because smoking and estrogen therapy are both risk factors for thrombosis, which is the formation of blood clots in the blood vessels. The patient should stop smoking and report any signs of thrombosis, such as leg pain, swelling, redness, or warmth, to the provider.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because bleeding during menstruation is not increased by estrogen therapy. However, the patient should report any abnormal vaginal bleeding, such as spotting, heavy bleeding, or prolonged bleeding, to the provider.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Venous thromboembolism is a contraindication for taking SERMs. SERMs are drugs that act like estrogen in some tissues and block estrogen in others. They can help prevent bone loss and fractures in postmenopausal women, but they can also increase the risk of blood clots in the veins, such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Therefore, women who have a history of or are at high risk for venous thromboembolism should not take SERMs.

Choice B reason: Breast cancer is not a contraindication for taking SERMs. In fact, some SERMs, such as tamoxifen and raloxifene, are used to treat or prevent breast cancer in women who have estrogen receptor-positive tumors. These SERMs block the effects of estrogen in the breast tissue and reduce the growth of cancer cells.

Choice C reason: Hypocalcemia is not a contraindication for taking SERMs. Hypocalcemia is a low level of calcium in the blood. SERMs do not affect calcium levels directly, but they can help prevent calcium loss from the bones by mimicking the effects of estrogen in the bone tissue. However, women who take SERMs should also take adequate calcium and vitamin D supplements to maintain bone health.

Choice D reason: Stress fractures are not a contraindication for taking SERMs. Stress fractures are small cracks in the bones that result from repeated stress or overuse. SERMs can help prevent stress fractures by strengthening the bones and reducing the risk of osteoporosis. However, women who take SERMs should also avoid excessive or inappropriate physical activity that can cause stress fractures.

A. The patient needs to be warned that alopecia is a common adverse effect. B. It is given by deep intramuscular injection to avoid tissue irritation. C. It must not be handled by pregnant women. D. It must be taken on an empty stomach.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because alopecia is not a common or serious adverse effect of finasteride. However, the patient should be informed that finasteride may cause decreased hair growth or loss of hair in some cases.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect because finasteride is not given by injection, but by oral route. The patient should take one tablet daily with or without food.

Choice C reason: This is correct because finasteride can cause birth defects in male fetuses if it is absorbed through the skin or ingested by pregnant women. The patient should wear gloves when handling the tablets and avoid contact with crushed or broken tablets.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because finasteride can be taken with or without food. However, the patient should take it at the same time each day and follow the provider's instructions.

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During a follow-up visit, a patient who has been on estrogen therapy admits that she has continued to smoke cigarettes. The nurse will remind the patient that smoking while on estrogen may lead to increased:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 51-year-old woman will be taking selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) as part of treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis. The nurse reviews potential contraindications, including which condition?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

During the administration of finasteride, the nurse must remember which important precaution?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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