A nurse is preparing to administer lispro insulin to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Administer with short-acting insulin.

Assess for hypoglycemia 4 hr after the insulin injection.

Inject the insulin 15 min before a meal.

Monitor for polyuria.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because lispro insulin is a rapid-acting insulin that does not need to be administered with another type of insulin. However, the patient may need a long-acting or intermediate-acting insulin to provide basal coverage throughout the day.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect because lispro insulin has a peak action of 30 to 90 min after the injection, which means that the patient is at the highest risk of hypoglycemia during this time. The nurse should assess for hypoglycemia more frequently than 4 hr after the injection.

Choice C reason: This is correct because lispro insulin has a fast onset of action of 15 to 30 min after the injection, which means that the patient should eat a meal within 15 min of the injection to prevent hypoglycemia.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because polyuria is a sign of hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia. The nurse should monitor for polyuria before the insulin injection, as it may indicate that the patient's blood glucose level is high.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is correct because hemoglobin A1C level reflects the average blood glucose level over the past 2 to 3 months. It is a reliable indicator of the patient's glycemic control and adherence to the antidiabetic therapy. The goal for most patients with type 2 diabetes is to keep the hemoglobin A1C level below 7%.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect because serum insulin level is not a good measure of the patient's adherence to the antidiabetic therapy, as it may vary depending on the type, dose, and timing of the insulin or oral antidiabetic agents. Serum insulin level may also be affected by other factors, such as stress, infection, or exercise.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect because fingerstick fasting blood glucose level only reflects the blood glucose level at a single point in time. It does not provide information about the patient's long-term glycemic control or adherence to the antidiabetic therapy. Fingerstick fasting blood glucose level may also be influenced by the patient's diet, activity, or medication intake before the test.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because hemoglobin level is not related to the patient's adherence to the antidiabetic therapy, as it measures the amount of oxygen-carrying protein in the red blood cells. Hemoglobin level may be affected by conditions such as anemia, dehydration, or blood loss.

A. You should limit alcohol intake to 12 ounces daily. B. You should expect to experience diarrhea while taking this medication. C. You should take the medication on an empty stomach to prevent nausea. D. You should change positions slowly.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: You should avoid alcohol intake while taking codeine, not limit it to 12 ounces daily. Alcohol can increase the risk of side effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, and respiratory depression.

Choice B reason: You should not expect to experience diarrhea while taking codeine. Codeine can cause constipation, not diarrhea. You should increase your fluid and fiber intake and use laxatives as prescribed to prevent constipation.

Choice C reason: You should not take the medication on an empty stomach to prevent nausea. Codeine can cause nausea and vomiting, especially on an empty stomach. You should take the medication with food or milk to reduce nausea.

Choice D reason: You should change positions slowly while taking codeine. Codeine can cause orthostatic hypotension, which is a sudden drop in blood pressure when you stand up. This can cause dizziness, fainting, and falls. You should change positions slowly and use caution when walking or climbing stairs.

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A nurse is preparing to administer lispro insulin to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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