During a prenatal visit, a pregnant woman says, "I know the amniotic fluid is important, but can you tell me more about it?" When describing amniotic fluid to a pregnant woman, which description would the nurse most likely include?

This fluid acts as a cushion to help protect your baby from injury.

The amount of fluid remains fairly constant throughout the pregnancy.

The fluid is mostly protein to provide nourishment to your baby.

This fluid acts as a transport mechanism for oxygen and nutrients.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: This is correct because this description accurately reflects one of the main functions of amniotic fluid, which is to act as a shock absorber and buffer against external forces or movements that could harm the fetus. Amniotic fluid also allows the fetus to move freely and develop its muscles and bones.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect because this description is false. The amount of amniotic fluid changes throughout the pregnancy, depending on the stage of fetal development and other factors. The normal range of amniotic fluid volume is between 500 and 1000 mL at term. Too much or too little amniotic fluid can indicate a problem with the fetus or the placenta.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect because this description is false. The fluid is not mostly protein, but mostly water (about 98%). The water comes from the mother's blood plasma and the fetal urine. The remaining 2% of amniotic fluid consists of various substances, such as electrolytes, hormones, enzymes, antibodies, and fetal cells. Amniotic fluid does not provide nourishment to the fetus, but rather protects it from infection and helps regulate its temperature.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because this description is false. Amniotic fluid does not act as a transport mechanism for oxygen and nutrients, but rather as a barrier that prevents them from reaching the fetus directly. Oxygen and nutrients are delivered to the fetus through the placenta and the umbilical cord, which are connected to the maternal blood circulation.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disorder that affects the shape and function of the red blood cells. It is not related to the AFP level, which is a protein produced by the fetal liver and yolk sac.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect because cardiac defects are abnormalities in the structure or function of the heart. They are not related to the AFP level, which is a marker of neural tube defects and abdominal wall defects.

Choice C reason: This is correct because Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder that results from an extra copy of chromosome 21. It is associated with a decreased AFP level, as well as increased levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and unconjugated estriol (uE3).

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because respiratory disorders are problems that affect the lungs and breathing. They are not related to the AFP level, which reflects the fetal development and integrity.

A. Nausea B. Abdominal enlargement C. Positive pregnancy test D. Braxton Hicks contractions E. Amenorrhea

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Nausea is a common presumptive sign of pregnancy, especially in the first trimester. It is caused by hormonal changes and may be accompanied by vomiting.

Choice B reason: Abdominal enlargement is another presumptive sign of pregnancy, as the uterus grows to accommodate the developing fetus. It may be noticeable as early as 12 weeks of gestation.

Choice C reason: A positive pregnancy test is a presumptive sign of pregnancy, as it detects the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a hormone produced by the placenta. However, it is not a definitive sign, as it may be affected by other factors such as medications, tumors, or false positives.

Choice D reason: Braxton Hicks contractions are not a presumptive sign of pregnancy, but a probable sign. They are irregular and painless contractions of the uterus that occur throughout pregnancy, but become more frequent and noticeable in the third trimester. They are also known as false labor contractions.

Choice E reason: Amenorrhea, or the absence of menstrual periods, is a presumptive sign of pregnancy, as it indicates that ovulation has ceased. However, it is not a definitive sign, as it may be caused by other factors such as stress, illness, or hormonal imbalances.

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During a prenatal visit, a pregnant woman says, "I know the amniotic fluid is important, but can you tell me more about it?" When describing amniotic fluid to a pregnant woman, which description would the nurse most likely include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A pregnant woman undergoes a triple/quadruple screen at 16 to 18 weeks' gestation. What would the nurse suspect if the woman's alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level is decreased?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

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