During labor, which of the following is a characteristic of early decelerations in fetal heart rate?

Gradual decrease in FHR that mirrors uterine contractions

Abrupt decrease in FHR with rapid recovery

Increase in FHR of at least 15 beats lasting at least 15 seconds

Decrease in FHR after the peak of uterine contractions

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Gradual decrease in FHR that mirrors uterine contractions. Early decelerations are caused by fetal head compression during contractions, leading to a gradual, uniform decrease in FHR that mirrors the contraction. This is a benign finding and does not require intervention.

B. Abrupt decrease in FHR with rapid recovery. This describes variable decelerations, which are caused by umbilical cord compression and require intervention.

C. Increase in FHR of at least 15 beats lasting at least 15 seconds. This describes accelerations, which are a reassuring sign of fetal well-being.

D. Decrease in FHR after the peak of uterine contractions. This describes late decelerations, which are associated with uteroplacental insufficiency and require intervention.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. To stimulate uterine contractions: Terbutaline is a tocolytic (a medication that relaxes the uterus), not a uterotonic. It is not used to stimulate contractions.

B. To improve placental blood flow: Terbutaline relaxes uterine muscles, decreasing contraction frequency and intensity, thereby improving placental blood flow. It is often used in intrauterine resuscitation when there is uteroplacental insufficiency and fetal distress due to excessive contractions (tachysystole).

C. To decrease fetal heart rate variability: Terbutaline does not directly affect fetal heart rate variability. It is used to reduce uterine contractions, which can secondarily improve fetal oxygenation.

D. To prevent preterm labor: While terbutaline can be used to delay preterm labor, in this context, it is being used for intrauterine resuscitation, not for preventing labor.

A. Viability of the fetus B. The biparietal diameter C. Location of the placenta D. Fetal lung maturity

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Viability of the fetus: The client reports fetal movement, indicating viability. While fetal well-being is always a consideration, the priority here is determining the cause of the bleeding.

B. The biparietal diameter: The biparietal diameter (BPD) is used to assess fetal head size and estimate gestational age, which is not relevant to the client’s bleeding.

C. Location of the placenta: The priority in evaluating third-trimester bleeding is ruling out placenta previa (where the placenta covers the cervix) or placental abruption. Ultrasound helps determine if the placenta is improperly positioned.

D. Fetal lung maturity: Fetal lung maturity is assessed when preterm delivery is being considered, typically before 37 weeks, but it is not the primary concern in assessing vaginal bleeding.

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During labor, which of the following is a characteristic of early decelerations in fetal heart rate?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What is the primary purpose of using terbutaline in labor for intrauterine resuscitation?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is in labor and has an external fetal monitor. The nurse observes late decelerations on the monitor strip and interprets them as indicating which of the following?

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A nurse is caring for a client having contractions every 8 min that are 30 to 40 seconds in duration. The client's cervix is 2 cm dilated, 50% effaced, and the fetus is at a -2 station with a FHR around 140/min. Which of the following stages and phases of labor is the client experiencing?