During the process of collecting a comprehensive medical history from a client who has been admitted with pyelonephritis, which of the following symptoms or historical details would the nurse most likely expect the client to report?
A history of chronic headaches and migraines
A history of gastrointestinal issues such as irritable bowel syndrome
A history of cardiovascular problems such as hypertension
A history of frequent urinary tract infections
The Correct Answer is D
A. A history of chronic headaches and migraines: While chronic headaches and migraines can affect overall health, they are not directly related to pyelonephritis.
B. A history of gastrointestinal issues such as irritable bowel syndrome: Gastrointestinal issues like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are generally unrelated to kidney function or urinary tract infections.
C. A history of cardiovascular problems such as hypertension: While hypertension can have indirect effects on renal function, it is not a common historical detail specifically associated with pyelonephritis.
D. A history of frequent urinary tract infections: Frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant risk factor for developing pyelonephritis, as the infection can ascend from the bladder to the kidneys.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Intestinal obstruction: While peritonitis can lead to intestinal obstruction, it is not the most immediate life-threatening complication compared to hypovolemic shock or sepsis.
B. Hypovolemic shock: This is a critical condition that can occur due to severe fluid loss, which might be a concern in peritonitis due to fluid shifts into the abdominal cavity. However, the patient’s signs of systemic infection (fever, elevated heart rate, low blood pressure) suggest that sepsis is a more imminent threat.
C. Electrolyte imbalance: Electrolyte imbalances are possible due to fluid loss, but they would be secondary to the more urgent concern of hypovolemic shock.
D. Sepsis: Sepsis is the highest priority due to the patient’s vital signs and symptoms indicating a systemic infection. Early recognition and treatment of sepsis are crucial to prevent organ failure and other severe complications.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Measure abdominal girth daily. Measuring abdominal girth daily helps assess for changes in distention, which is important in monitoring the effectiveness of the decompression.
B. Moisten the client's lips with lemon-glycerin swabs: This is incorrect because lemon-glycerin swabs can dry the oral mucosa. Using plain water or normal saline swabs would be more appropriate.
C. Maintain the client in Fowler's position: This is appropriate as it helps promote drainage from the nasogastric tube and reduces the risk of aspiration.
D. Use sterile water to irrigate the nasogastric tube: Irrigation is typically done with normal saline to maintain electrolyte balance. Sterile water is not recommended for this purpose.
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