Exhibits

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client in the emergency department. The client is alert and oriented x3. Wheezing is noted on exhalation with a prolonged breathing cycle. The cough is nonproductive. Use of accessory muscles is noted while breathing. The oral mucosa and lips are cyanotic. Nasal flaring is noted. The client experiences difficulty talking.

The nurse is assisting in planning care. Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices below to specify:

1. What condition the client is most likely experiencing.
2. Two actions the nurse should take to address that condition.
3. Two parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client’s progress.

Choice A rationale

Keeping unopened insulin vials in the freezer is not recommended. Freezing can disrupt the insulin molecule and affect its efficacy.

Choice B rationale

Planning to eat a snack 6 hours after insulin administration is not a standard recommendation. The timing of meals and snacks should be individualized based on the type of insulin, blood glucose levels, and lifestyle.

Choice C rationale

Storing opened insulin vials at room temperature for up to 4 weeks is a correct practice. Insulin stored at room temperature causes less discomfort on injection than cold insulin.

Choice D rationale

Warming the insulin vial to dissolve any crystals that develop is not a standard practice. Insulin should not be used if it appears cloudy or discolored.

Choice A rationale

For a client with COPD who reports shortness of breath and little appetite, limiting fluid intake during meals can help to prevent early satiety and promote better food intake. Fluids can make the client feel full quickly, which can limit their intake of necessary nutrients.

Choice B rationale

Consuming three regular meals daily may not be the best approach for a client with COPD who has little appetite. Smaller, more frequent meals may be easier for the client to tolerate.

Choice C rationale

Eating lighter, low-calorie foods first is not the best advice for a client with COPD who has little appetite. The client may need high-calorie, nutrient-dense foods to meet their nutritional needs.

Choice D rationale

Eliminating dairy products is not generally recommended for clients with COPD unless they have a specific intolerance. Dairy products can be a good source of protein and other nutrients.