Exhibits

Review H and P, nurse's notes, flow chart, laboratory results, and prescriptions. Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices area to specify which condition the client is most likely experiencing, two actions the PN should take to address that condition, and two parameters the PN should monitor to assess the client's progress.

A. Gloves
Gloves are essential when entering the room because MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) is a pathogen that can be transmitted through direct contact with contaminated surfaces or secretions. Gloves protect both the client and the PN from the spread of the infection and should be worn when touching the patient or surfaces/items in the room.
B. N95 Mask
An N95 mask is not required for MRSA infections unless there are concerns about airborne transmission, which is not typical for MRSA. MRSA transmission is primarily through direct or indirect contact rather than airborne routes, so an N95 mask is not necessary in this scenario.
C. Gown
A gown is required when there is a risk of contamination from the environment or the patient, especially with MRSA infections. It helps to protect the PN’s clothing and skin from coming into contact with any infectious materials from the surgical site.
D. Surgical Mask
A surgical mask is appropriate for MRSA to protect against droplets and to prevent the spread of infection. It is particularly useful if there is a risk of droplets from the patient or if the PN is performing procedures that might generate droplets.
E. Goggles
Goggles are not required for MRSA unless there is a specific risk of splash or spray that could potentially expose the PN’s eyes to infectious materials. In the context of a surgical site infection, goggles are not a standard part of the PPE unless additional procedures are being performed that involve splashes

A. 50% dextrose
50% dextrose is not isotonic; it is a hypertonic solution. Hypertonic solutions have a higher concentration of solutes compared to the cells, causing water to move out of the cells and into the extracellular space, which does not treat fluid volume deficit effectively.
B. 0.45% sodium chloride
0.45% sodium chloride, also known as half-normal saline, is a hypotonic solution. Hypotonic solutions have a lower concentration of solutes compared to the cells, which would cause water to move into the cells rather than stay in the extracellular space to address fluid volume deficit.
C. 20% dextrose
20% dextrose is a hypertonic solution. It contains a higher concentration of dextrose compared to the extracellular fluid, which draws water into the extracellular space but is not used for treating fluid volume deficits.
D. 5% dextrose
5% dextrose (D5W) is initially isotonic but becomes hypotonic once metabolized, as the dextrose is used up and only water remains. It is not suitable for continuous isotonic fluid therapy for fluid volume deficit.
E. 5% dextrose with 0.45% sodium chloride
5% dextrose with 0.45% sodium chloride is a hypertonic solution. While it starts isotonic, it becomes hypotonic once the dextrose is metabolized, making it unsuitable for long-term isotonic fluid replacement.
F. 5% dextrose with lactated Ringer's
5% dextrose with lactated Ringer's is a hypertonic solution. It contains both dextrose and electrolytes, which are not purely isotonic and may not be ideal for addressing fluid volume deficits on their own.
G. Lactated Ringer's
Lactated Ringer's is an isotonic solution. It has a similar osmolarity to plasma and is used for fluid volume replacement, helping to restore blood volume and maintain electrolyte balance.
H. 0.9% sodium chloride
0.9% sodium chloride, or normal saline, is an isotonic solution. It has the same osmolarity as plasma and is commonly used for fluid volume replacement and maintaining hydration