Exhibits
The nurse reviews client data.
Select the 3 possible conditions that could have the clinical manifestation of clubbed nails for this client.
Pneumonia
Lung cancer
Flu
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Chronic bronchitis
Correct Answer : B,E
A. Pneumonia is an acute infection that causes inflammation in the lungs. While it can lead to significant respiratory symptoms and changes, it is not typically associated with clubbed nails. Clubbing usually develops over a longer period and is more common in chronic conditions.
B. Clubbing of the nails is often associated with lung cancer, particularly with bronchogenic carcinoma. The exact mechanism is not entirely clear, but it may relate to the presence of a malignancy causing systemic changes or the release of growth factors that affect nail tissue.
C. The flu is a viral respiratory infection that is usually acute and self-limiting. Clubbed nails are not a common manifestation of influenza. Clubbing is more associated with chronic respiratory and systemic conditions rather than acute viral infections.
D. COPD, which includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis, is not commonly associated with clubbing.
E. Chronic bronchitis, a type of COPD characterized by persistent cough and sputum production, may lead to clubbed nails in some cases. The chronic hypoxemia and long-term inflammation can contribute to this nail change, although it is less commonly seen than with other conditions.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["31"]
Explanation
Total volume in mL x Drop factor) / Total time in minutes.
For the vancomycin infusion, the total volume is 250 mL, the drop factor is 15 gtt/mL, and the total time is 120 minutes (2 hours).
The calculation is as follows: (250 mL x 15 gtt/mL) / 120 minutes = 31.25 gtt/min.
After rounding to the nearest whole number, the nurse should regulate the infusion to 31 gtt/min.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The absence of hair growth on the lower legs is a potential sign of peripheral neuropathy, a common complication of diabetes. Assessing the skin for other signs of neuropathy, such as dryness, cracking, or calluses, would provide further evidence to support this diagnosis.
B. While this might indicate neuropathy, it's not as direct a correlation as the skin appearance.
C. Assessing pulses helps to evaluate peripheral circulation, but it doesn't directly address the issue of hair loss, which is more related to nerve damage.
D. Ecchymosis can indicate a bleeding disorder or trauma, not necessarily neuropathy.
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