Exhibits
Which of the following complications should the nurse identify as being potential risks for this child? Select all that apply.
Laryngospasm
Hydrocephalus
Demyelination
Seizures
Subdural effusions
Hearing loss
Guillain-Barré syndrome
Correct Answer : B,D,E,F
Rationale for Correct Answers:
- Hydrocephalus: Inflammation of the meninges can block cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow, leading to ventricular dilation and hydrocephalus, a known complication of bacterial meningitis.
- Seizures: Meningeal irritation and increased intracranial pressure can cause seizures. Children with altered mental status and fever are at heightened risk.
- Subdural effusions: These may develop due to inflammation and accumulation of fluid between the dura and arachnoid layers, often seen in pediatric meningitis cases.
- Hearing loss: Sensorineural hearing loss may result from inflammation or damage to the auditory nerve or cochlea. It’s a well-documented sequela of meningitis.
Rationale for Incorrect Choices:
- Laryngospasm: Typically associated with airway irritation or hypocalcemia, not a common or expected complication of meningitis.
- Demyelination: More commonly linked to conditions like multiple sclerosis. Meningitis does not typically cause demyelination of neurons.
- Guillain-Barré syndrome: An autoimmune condition often triggered by viral illness, not by meningitis. It involves peripheral nervous system demyelination, unrelated to this case.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Administer IV antibiotics: While timely antibiotic administration is critical for treating osteomyelitis, obtaining cultures before starting antibiotics ensures accurate identification of the causative organism and appropriate therapy.
B. Obtain a blood culture: Collecting blood cultures first is the priority to identify the infection source and guide targeted antibiotic treatment. This step should precede antibiotic administration whenever possible.
C. Request a referral for physical therapy: Physical therapy is an important part of the long-term management of osteomyelitis to maintain mobility and prevent complications. However, it is not the immediate priority; identifying and treating the infection takes precedence.
D. Record intake and output: Monitoring fluid balance is important for overall care but does not take precedence over identifying the infectious agent and initiating treatment.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "I will anticipate that my toddler might demand to have their pacifier again once their sibling is born.": Regression to earlier behaviors, such as wanting a pacifier, is common in toddlers when coping with a new sibling. Anticipating this shows understanding of normal developmental responses to change.
B. "I will tell my toddler the baby will be their new playmate.": Toddlers often do not grasp the concept of a baby as a playmate immediately, and this statement may set unrealistic expectations, potentially leading to frustration.
C. "I will tell my toddler now about the date their sibling will arrive.": Toddlers have limited sense of time, so discussing exact dates can be confusing and may cause anxiety rather than helpful preparation.
D. "I will start sending my toddler to daycare once the baby is born.": While daycare may be necessary, abruptly changing routines immediately after the newborn’s arrival can add stress to the toddler, so gradual transition is preferable.
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