Fido and Spot are dogs. Assume whenever it is hot, Fido and Spot are lazy and quiet. Based on this assumption, which statement must be true?

If Spot is lazy but Fido is not quiet, it is not hot.

If it is hot, Fido is lazy and Spot is quiet.

If it is not hot, Fido and Spot are neither lazy nor quiet.

If Fido is quiet or Spot is lazy, it is hot.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. If Spot is lazy but Fido is not quiet, it is not hot: This must be true. According to the assumption, when it is hot, both Fido and Spot are lazy and quiet. If Spot is lazy but Fido is not quiet, then it contradicts the assumption that both dogs should be lazy and quiet when it's hot. Therefore, it must not be hot.
B. If it is hot, Fido is lazy and Spot is quiet: This is incorrect because the assumption says both Fido and Spot are lazy and quiet when it's hot, but this statement only mentions Fido being lazy and Spot being quiet. The assumption requires both dogs to be both lazy and quiet, not just one characteristic for each dog.
C. If it is not hot, Fido and Spot are neither lazy nor quiet: This is not necessarily true. The assumption only applies when it is hot, and it doesn’t provide information about Fido and Spot’s behavior when it’s not hot. They could still be lazy or quiet, but it isn’t guaranteed.
D. If Fido is quiet or Spot is lazy, it is hot: This is incorrect. The assumption only states that when it is hot, both dogs are lazy and quiet. It does not claim that if one dog is quiet or lazy, it must be hot. Other circumstances could make Fido quiet or Spot lazy regardless of the temperature.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Making an informed decision requires critical thinking and weighing the pros and cons of each possible solution. This approach helps consumers evaluate credibility, feasibility, and personal impact.
B. Determining why people have so many opinions may be interesting but does not directly help in making an informed decision.
C. Realizing that it is impossible to sort through so many viewpoints reflects a defeatist attitude and discourages critical thinking, which is essential in informed decision-making.
D. Interviewing each person who has a different viewpoint is impractical and unnecessary. A consumer can access and evaluate different perspectives through research and credible sources without personally interviewing everyone.

A. must also be true. B. is probably false, but could be true. C. could not be true. D. is probably true, but may be false.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. This answer is too absolute. While the teacher’s reasoning suggests a likely outcome (if one child stops, the others might collide), it does not guarantee that all children will fall down, as there could be variations in the children's reactions or the space between them. Therefore, the claim doesn’t must be true.

B. This option suggests that the claim is likely false, which isn’t accurate. The scenario presented by the teacher seems plausible, so it’s more likely true, though it’s not guaranteed.

C. The statement could be true, as the reasoning is based on the children’s positions and actions. There is no reason to completely rule it out, so this answer is incorrect.

D. This is the most reasonable conclusion. The teacher’s statement is based on an assumption that if one child stops, the others will not be able to avoid collision. This is a reasonable assumption in this context, but it’s not certain—there might be enough space or a difference in the children's reactions that prevents them from all falling. Thus, it’s likely true, but not guaranteed.

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Fido and Spot are dogs. Assume whenever it is hot, Fido and Spot are lazy and quiet. Based on this assumption, which statement must be true?

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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