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How many chambers does the heart consist of?

A.

two

B.

four

C.

three

D.

one

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Two: A two-chambered heart is found in fish, consisting of one atrium and one ventricle. Humans, however, have a more complex heart structure.

B. Four: The human heart has four chambers: two atria (right and left) and two ventricles (right and left). This separation allows for efficient separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, supporting systemic and pulmonary circulation.

C. Three: Three-chambered hearts are found in amphibians, with two atria and one ventricle. Humans do not have this arrangement.

D. One: A single-chambered heart exists in some primitive organisms, but it cannot support the dual circulatory system needed in mammals.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Rh-positive:Rh-positive blood contains the D antigen, which can trigger an immune response in Rh-negative recipients. Therefore, it cannot be universally donated to all recipients.

B. ABO, Rh-negative:Type O, Rh-negative blood is considered the universal donor for red blood cells. It lacks A, B, and Rh antigens on the RBC surface, minimizing the risk of an immune reaction in recipients of any ABO or Rh type.

C. Rh-negative:While Rh-negative status avoids D antigen incompatibility, this choice does not specify the ABO type. Only O, Rh-negative blood lacks all major antigens, making it truly universal for RBC transfusion.

D. AB, Rh-positive:Type AB, Rh-positive blood has A, B, and D antigens on RBCs. It is not compatible with recipients who have antibodies against A, B, or Rh antigens, so it cannot serve as a universal donor.

E. AB, Rh-negative:Although Rh-negative avoids D antigen incompatibility, AB blood contains both A and B antigens, which can trigger immune reactions in recipients with anti-A or anti-B antibodies. Therefore, it is not a universal RBC donor.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Left atrium:The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins but does not contain pacemaker tissue. The SA node is not located here.

B. Right ventricle:The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs and does not house the sinoatrial node.

C. Left ventricle:The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the systemic circulation but does not contain the SA node.

D. Right atrium:The sinoatrial (SA) node is located in the posterior wall of the right atrium near the entrance of the superior vena cava. It serves as the natural pacemaker of the heart, initiating the electrical impulses that regulate heart rate.

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