Identify all the ways that infections are spread? (Select all that apply)
(Select All that Apply.)
Inhalation of an infectious pathogen
Ingestion of an infectious pathogen
Contact with infected body fluids
A bite by an infected "tiny animal"
Transmission of a defective gene from parent to child
Correct Answer : A,B,C,D
A. Inhalation of an infectious pathogen
Respiratory droplets or airborne pathogens (e.g., influenza, tuberculosis) can be inhaled and cause infection.
B. Ingestion of an infectious pathogen
Infections like salmonella or norovirus are spread through contaminated food or water.
C. Contact with infected body fluids
Bloodborne pathogens like HIV and hepatitis B/C are spread via contact with infected fluids.
D. A bite by an infected "tiny animal"
Vector-borne transmission includes diseases spread by animals like mosquitoes (e.g., malaria, dengue) or ticks (e.g., Lyme disease).
E. Transmission of a defective gene from parent to child
This describes a genetic disorder, not an infectious disease.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Enlarged, painful cervical lymph nodes:
The cervical lymph nodes drain the area of the throat. Infection leads to inflammation and enlargement of these nodes.
B. Enlarged thymus gland:
The thymus is primarily active in children and does not respond to infections like lymph nodes do.
C. Enlarged inguinal lymph nodes:
Inguinal lymph nodes drain the lower extremities and genital area, not the throat.
D. Cervical lymph node cancer:
Cancer is not a typical complication of pharyngitis. Lymph node enlargement here is due to immune response, not malignancy.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Lymph nodes:
Lymph nodes are structures that filter lymph and house immune cells, but they are not B or T cells themselves.
B. Lymphocytes:
B and T cells are types of lymphocytes, which are white blood cells involved in the immune response.
C. Tonsils:
Tonsils are lymphoid tissue that helps trap pathogens but are not cells.
D. Antibodies:
Antibodies are proteins produced by B cells, not cells themselves.
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