Identify the trimester when each fetal development finding occurs.

Select the appropriate trimester for each finding:

Choice A rationale

A large bruise on the forehead of a 2-year-old could occur from accidental falls, which are common at this developmental stage due to increased mobility and decreased coordination. It does not necessarily suggest abuse unless accompanied by other suspicious findings.

Choice B rationale

Circular abrasions around the wrists are highly indicative of physical abuse as they suggest binding injuries. Restraining a child is neither acceptable nor normal, and such findings must be reported for further investigation by child protective services.

Choice C rationale

A burn on the palm of a 10-year-old’s hand raises concerns for abuse as accidental burns usually occur on accessible areas like arms or legs, not the palm. This pattern could indicate intentional infliction, requiring mandatory reporting to authorities.

Choice D rationale

Splash burns on the front torso in a 6-year-old are suspicious if inconsistent with the child’s developmental abilities or history provided by caregivers. Intentional scald burns often follow specific patterns, like splash marks, and must be reported for investigation.

Choice A rationale

Acrocyanosis, or bluish discoloration of extremities, is a normal newborn finding reflecting immature circulation and does not pose a risk for jaundice. It resolves as circulatory function matures and is unrelated to bilirubin metabolism or hemolysis.

Choice B rationale

Mongolian spots are benign pigmented birthmarks caused by trapped melanocytes in the dermis. These spots have no connection to jaundice and do not reflect bilirubin accumulation or red blood cell breakdown.

Choice C rationale

Cephalohematoma results from birth trauma, causing localized blood collection between the skull and periosteum. The breakdown of pooled blood increases bilirubin production, raising jaundice risk. This complication reflects excessive hemolysis, leading to bilirubin elevation.

Choice D rationale

Caput succedaneum involves superficial scalp swelling due to delivery pressure. Unlike cephalohematoma, it does not contribute to hemolysis or bilirubin accumulation. It resolves spontaneously and poses no risk for jaundice development.