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Identify the trimester when each fetal development finding occurs.

Select the appropriate trimester for each finding:

A.

Formation of fingers, toes, and facial features

B.

Fetus can hear and respond to external stimuli

C.

Increase in body fat reserves

D.

Brain develops most rapidly during this time

E.

Gender can be determined

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"C"},"D":{"answers":"C"},"E":{"answers":"B"}}

A. Formation of fingers, toes, and facial features

Correct Trimester: 1st Trimester (Conception – 13 weeks)
Explanation:
By the end of the 1st trimester, organogenesis (organ formation) is largely complete.

  • Weeks 7–8: Limb buds appear and begin differentiating into arms and legs.

  • Weeks 9–12: Fingers, toes, facial features (eyes, nose, lips, ears) become clearly defined.
    This is a critical period for congenital malformations if exposed to teratogens.

B. Fetus can hear and respond to external stimuli

Correct Trimester: 2nd Trimester (14–26 weeks)
Explanation:

  • Around 18–20 weeks: The fetus develops the ability to hear sounds.

  • External sounds can startle the fetus, and the heartbeat may change in response.

  • Mother's voice and music can be recognized at this stage.

C. Increase in body fat reserves

Correct Trimester: 3rd Trimester (27–40 weeks)
Explanation:

  • In the final trimester, especially after week 32, fat accumulates under the skin.

  • This provides energy and helps with temperature regulation after birth.

  • The fetus also gains the most weight during this period.

D. Brain develops most rapidly during this time

Correct Trimester: 3rd Trimester (27–40 weeks)
Explanation:

  • Although brain development starts early, the most rapid growth occurs in the third trimester.

  • There's a dramatic increase in brain volume, cortical folding, and neural connectivity.

  • This trimester is essential for cognitive and motor development.

E. Gender can be determined

Correct Trimester: 2nd Trimester (14–26 weeks)
Explanation:

  • By week 18–20, an ultrasound can reliably show external genitalia.

  • The sex organs begin forming in the 1st trimester, but become distinct and visible by the 2nd trimester.

  • This is when many parents find out the baby's gender via an anatomy scan.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

The presence of Rh factor in the mother's blood and absence in the newborn’s does not lead to antibody formation targeting fetal red blood cells directly. Rh incompatibility arises when the mother lacks the Rh factor and forms anti-Rh antibodies against the Rh-positive fetal blood. This leads to hemolysis and hyperbilirubinemia in affected newborns.

Choice B rationale

Anti-A and anti-B antibodies are associated with ABO incompatibility, not Rh incompatibility. ABO incompatibility can cause mild hemolysis but does not lead to severe hyperbilirubinemia seen in Rh incompatibility. Rh incompatibility specifically involves anti-Rh antibodies produced by Rh-negative mothers targeting Rh-positive fetal red cells.

Choice C rationale

Receiving a transfusion with Rh-negative blood would not trigger Rh incompatibility. Rh incompatibility is driven by maternal sensitization to Rh-positive fetal blood during pregnancy or delivery, leading to antibody formation and subsequent hemolysis in future Rh-positive pregnancies.

Choice D rationale

When the mother lacks the Rh factor (Rh-negative), she can produce anti-Rh antibodies upon exposure to Rh-positive fetal blood. These antibodies cross the placenta and attack fetal red blood cells, causing hemolysis and hyperbilirubinemia. This process is the hallmark of Rh incompatibility-related pathology.

Correct Answer is ["C"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Applying petroleum jelly to the umbilical cord stump is discouraged as it may trap moisture, creating an environment conducive to bacterial growth. Dry cord care is preferred to reduce the risk of infection.

Choice B rationale

Washing the cord daily with soap and water is unnecessary and could lead to irritation or prolonged drying time. The cord stump requires minimal handling to promote natural healing and detachment.

Choice C rationale

Giving sponge baths ensures the cord stump remains dry, which is essential for preventing infection and expediting natural detachment. This method avoids soaking the stump, reducing the risk of maceration or bacterial colonization.

Choice D rationale

Covering the umbilical cord stump with a diaper increases moisture retention, which can delay healing. Proper diaper placement below the stump is recommended to minimize irritation and promote airflow.

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