In assessing a patient's major risk factors for heart disease, which would the nurse want to include when taking a history?

Smoking, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol

Personality type, high cholesterol, diabetes, and smoking

Alcohol consumption, obesity, diabetes, stress, and high cholesterol

Family history, hypertension, stress, and age

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Smoking, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol: These are all well-established major risk factors for heart disease and should be included in the patient's history.
B.   Personality type, high cholesterol, diabetes, and smoking: While personality type may contribute to stress, the other factors listed are more directly linked to heart disease.
C.   Alcohol consumption, obesity, diabetes, stress, and high cholesterol: Alcohol consumption may be a risk factor, but smoking and hypertension are more significant.
D.   Family history, hypertension, stress, and age: While family history, age, and hypertension are important, this option misses key factors like obesity, smoking, and diabetes.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Lymph nodes are usually described as enlarged or swollen, not "lumped." This term is not typically used in the description of lymphadenopathy.
B. In cases of acute infection, lymphadenopathy is most often unilateral and localized to the area of infection. For example, if there is a throat infection, the lymph nodes on the same side of the neck are more likely to be enlarged.
C. Lymph nodes that are soft and nontender are more indicative of chronic conditions such as lymphoma or metastasis. In acute infections, lymph nodes tend to be firm and tender.
D. Firm but freely movable nodes may be indicative of chronic conditions or noninfectious causes. Acute infection typically leads to tender, swollen lymph nodes that may feel rubbery or hard but are usually movable.

A. Tactile fremitus B. Crepitus. C. Adventitious sounds. D. Friction rub

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. This is a vibration felt on the chest wall when a patient speaks, often used to assess lung sounds. It is not associated with the crackling sensation described here.
B. The coarse, crackling sensation felt on the skin surface when palpating is crepitus, which occurs when air escapes into the subcutaneous tissue, often due to trauma, infection, or the presence of a pneumothorax.
C. These are abnormal lung sounds, such as crackles, wheezes, or rhonchi, heard with a stethoscope during auscultation, not felt on the chest wall during palpation.
D. A friction rub is a grating or scraping sound heard with a stethoscope, typically due to inflammation of the pleural surfaces. It is not a sensation felt on the chest wall.

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In assessing a patient's major risk factors for heart disease, which would the nurse want to include when taking a history?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During an examination of a female patient, the nurse notes lymphadenopathy and suspects an acute infection. How do acutely infected lymph nodes typically appear?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

During palpation of the anterior chest wall, the nurse notices a coarse, crackling sensation over the skin surface. On the basis of these findings, the nurse suspects:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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