A patient says that she has recently noticed a lump in the front of her neck below her "Adam's apple" that seems to be getting bigger. During the assessment, what finding would lead the nurse to suspect that this may not be a cancerous thyroid nodule?

It is tender.

It is hard and fixed to the surrounding structures.

It disappears when the patient smiles.

It is mobile and soft.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   A tender thyroid nodule is more likely to be benign and associated with inflammation or thyroiditis, not cancer.
B.   This is more concerning for a malignant nodule, as cancerous nodules are often firm and immobile.
C.   A thyroid nodule typically does not change or disappear with facial movements, which is more characteristic of a different type of mass, such as a lymph node.
D.   These characteristics are more consistent with a benign nodule, which is often movable and less likely to be cancerous.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Adventitious sounds (e.g., wheezing, crackles, or stridor) are abnormal sounds that may be heard in addition to breath sounds. They do not specifically correlate with decreased breath sounds.
B. When there is obstruction in the bronchial tree (such as in conditions like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or a foreign body obstruction), the airflow is reduced, leading to decreased breath sounds in the affected areas.
C. Whispered pectoriloquy refers to hearing whispered sounds through the stethoscope, which would be more clearly heard with consolidation or lung tissue becoming more solid (e.g., in pneumonia), not with decreased breath sounds.
D. In consolidation (such as pneumonia), breath sounds are typically increased or bronchial, not decreased. The consolidation makes the lung tissue more solid, which can amplify breath sounds.

A. Severe obesity B. Severe dehydration C. Connective tissue disorders such as scleroderma D. Childhood growth spurts

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Severe obesity may not affect skin turgor but may cause other skin-related issues like stretching.
B. Severe dehydration is the most likely cause of decreased skin turgor, as dehydration reduces the amount of interstitial fluid, causing the skin to lose elasticity.
C. Connective tissue disorders such as scleroderma may affect skin appearance, but they typically cause hardening rather than decreased turgor.
D. Childhood growth spurts generally do not affect skin turgor unless other conditions are present, such as dehydration or malnutrition.

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A patient says that she has recently noticed a lump in the front of her neck below her "Adam's apple" that seems to be getting bigger. During the assessment, what finding would lead the nurse to suspect that this may not be a cancerous thyroid nodule?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During auscultation of the lungs, the nurse expects decreased breath sounds to be heard in which situation?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse has discovered decreased skin turgor in a patient and knows that this finding is expected in which condition?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic respiratory insufficiency. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect to find because of the long- term inadequate tissue perfusion?

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