In educating clients about ovarian cancer, the nurse emphasizes death rates for ovarian cancer are high because:

ovarian cancer occurs primarily among women over age 70 that also have other complicating health problems.

the causative cancer cell is resistant to chemotherapy or radiation.

there are no obvious symptoms or problems during the early stages of this disorder.

radiation therapy is ineffective because the ovaries are located so deep within the pelvis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   Many women diagnosed with ovarian cancer are indeed older, but the presence of other health problems is not a primary factor in explaining the high death rates. The key issue is more related to late- stage diagnosis rather than age alone.
B.   While some ovarian cancer cells can develop resistance to treatment, it is not universally true for all cases. The high mortality rate is more often due to the late stage at which the cancer is diagnosed rather than inherent resistance to treatment. Thus, this option does not fully explain the high death rates.
C.   Ovarian cancer often presents with vague symptoms that can be easily overlooked in the early stages, such as bloating, abdominal discomfort, or changes in bowel habits. As a result, many women do not receive a diagnosis until the cancer has progressed to a more advanced stage, contributing significantly to the high mortality rates associated with the disease.
D.   While it is true that the ovaries are located deep in the pelvis, the main treatment for ovarian cancer typically involves surgery and chemotherapy rather than radiation therapy. Radiation is not a primary treatment for this cancer type, and this statement does not accurately reflect why the death rates are high.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Trisomy 21 is a chromosomal disorder resulting in Down syndrome. While individuals with Down syndrome have an increased risk of developing certain leukemias (such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia), it is not directly associated with CML.
B. Fragile X syndrome is a genetic condition caused by a mutation in the FMR1 gene on the X chromosome, leading to intellectual disability and other developmental issues. It is not associated with CML or any form of leukemia. This option is unrelated to the genetic abnormalities seen in CML.
C. The BRCA1 gene mutation is associated with an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancers. While mutations in BRCA1 can affect cancer susceptibility, they are not linked to Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia. Thus, this option does not apply to CML.
D. The Philadelphia chromosome is a specific genetic abnormality found in the majority of patients with CML. It results from a translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22, creating the BCR-ABL fusion gene, which produces a tyrosine kinase that drives the proliferation of leukemic cells.

A. Regular follow-up appointments and blood tests are necessary to monitor your thyroid hormone levels. B. You may experience weight gain as a side effect of levothyroxine. C. You should take your levothyroxine medication with food. D. It is important to avoid any dietary restrictions while taking levothyroxine.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. After a thyroidectomy and when receiving levothyroxine, it is essential for the patient to have regular follow-ups and blood tests (specifically TSH and free T4 levels) to ensure the dosage of levothyroxine is appropriate and to monitor for any complications related to the thyroid hormone levels.
B. Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone replacement and, when taken appropriately, should help maintain a normal metabolism, potentially preventing weight gain. Weight changes can occur, but they are more likely to be due to improper dosing or underlying issues rather than a direct side effect of the medication itself.
C. Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach, typically 30 to 60 minutes before breakfast, to ensure optimal absorption. Taking it with food can reduce its effectiveness.
D. While there are no strict dietary restrictions for most patients on levothyroxine, certain foods (such as those high in soy or fiber) can interfere with absorption if consumed around the time of taking the medication. Patients should be informed to take levothyroxine consistently and to wait a while before consuming certain foods that may impact absorption.

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In educating clients about ovarian cancer, the nurse emphasizes death rates for ovarian cancer are high because:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What genetic abnormality would a nurse expect in a client diagnosed with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the postoperative teaching for a patient diagnosed with thyroid cancer who had a thyroidectomy and is receiving levothyroxine?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client diagnosed with prostate cancer asks the nurse the importance of the prostate specific antigen (PSA). The nurse explains to the client that the PSA:

The client diagnosed with hyperlipidemia has experienced a transient ischemic attack (TIA). Which medication would the nurse anticipate being ordered for the client on discharge?

The nurse is caring for an elderly female client who has an indwelling catheter. Which data in the assessment warrants notification of the health care provider?

Which initial assessment finding(s) would the nurse expect in a client diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)?

The nurse is caring for a client that has undergone a modified left radical mastectomy with lymph node removal. Which intervention would assist in preventing lymphedema?

The nurse is caring for a client with peripheral arterial disease. Which statement, by the client, indicates that they need additional teaching?

The nurse is caring for a male patient who complains about a small "lump" that he discovered in his right testicle. What would be the best response by the nurse?

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) who is receiving outpatient chemotherapy. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan for this client?