The nurse is performing a health screening of a 37-year-old female client. Which factor(s) would alert the nurse that this client is at greatest risk for developing a stroke?

A career as a corporate attorney who exercises three times per week

An uncomplicated vaginal birth 12 years ago

Drinking a glass of red wine with dinner and taking Yoga classes on Saturdays

Taking birth control pills and a 15-year pack per day smoking habit

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   This choice suggests a high-stress job but includes a positive aspect—regular exercise. Regular physical activity is protective against stroke, and being active can help mitigate some risk factors. Therefore, this scenario does not indicate a high risk for stroke.
B.   This choice does not present a significant risk factor for stroke. An uncomplicated vaginal birth is typically not associated with an increased risk of stroke. Factors like recent pregnancy could increase risk due to changes in blood coagulation, but 12 years post-birth is not relevant.
C.   Moderate alcohol consumption, such as a glass of red wine, may have some cardiovascular benefits when done in moderation, and practicing yoga can be beneficial for stress reduction and overall health. Therefore, this option does not suggest a high risk for stroke.
D.   Both smoking and the use of birth control pills significantly increase the risk of stroke, particularly in women. Smoking is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease and can lead to thrombosis (blood clots).

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While having multiple sexual partners is associated with an increased risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), it is not considered a significant risk factor for uterine cancer specifically. STIs can contribute to other reproductive cancers, such as cervical cancer, but they are not directly linked to the development of uterine cancer.
B. Smoking is a risk factor for various cancers, including cervical and lung cancers, but its association with uterine cancer is not as strong. While some studies suggest a potential link, it is not recognized as a primary risk factor for uterine cancer.
C. Prolonged exposure to unopposed estrogen (estrogen not balanced by progesterone) is the primary risk factor for uterine cancer. This can occur in situations such as obesity (where adipose tissue produces estrogen), hormone replacement therapy without progesterone, and certain medical conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
D. Having multiple pregnancies is generally considered to have a protective effect against uterine cancer. Pregnancy reduces the number of menstrual cycles a woman has over her lifetime, which can lead to lower lifetime exposure to estrogen.

A. Petechiae and epistaxis B. Generalized edema and rash C. Alopecia and pallor D. Bradycardia and lethargy

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Petechiae (small red or purple spots caused by bleeding under the skin) and epistaxis (nosebleeds) result from thrombocytopenia, which is a low platelet count often seen in leukemia. The compromised bone marrow function leads to inadequate production of platelets, resulting in bleeding and bruising.
B. While generalized edema and rash can occur in various conditions, they are not specific to ALL and are not common initial findings. Edema might be seen in certain contexts (e.g., renal involvement or fluid overload), but it is not a hallmark of ALL.
C. Alopecia (hair loss) and pallor (paleness) can occur in clients undergoing chemotherapy for ALL, but they are not typically initial findings at the time of diagnosis. Pallor may result from anemia, which can develop as a consequence of the disease, but it is not the most immediate or characteristic symptom of ALL.
D. Bradycardia (slow heart rate) and lethargy are not typical initial findings of ALL. Lethargy could be present due to anemia or other systemic effects, but bradycardia is not commonly associated with the disease and would require further investigation for other underlying causes.

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The nurse is performing a health screening of a 37-year-old female client. Which factor(s) would alert the nurse that this client is at greatest risk for developing a stroke?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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