In labor, GPTAL is used to assess the client's obstetric history. What does the 'P' in GPTAL stand for?

Parity

Postpartum

Primigravida

Presentation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Parity: In GPTAL (Gravida, Parity, Term, Abortions, Living children), "P" refers to parity, which indicates the number of pregnancies carried to 20 weeks or beyond, regardless of outcome.

B. Postpartum: "Postpartum" refers to the period after childbirth and is not part of the GPTAL system.

C. Primigravida: Primigravida refers to a woman who is pregnant for the first time, which is represented by "G" (Gravida) in GPTAL, not "P."

D. Presentation: "Presentation" refers to the fetal part entering the birth canal first (e.g., cephalic, breech) and is unrelated to GPTAL.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Brownish vaginal discharge: Bloody show (pink-tinged mucus) may indicate labor, but brownish discharge alone does not confirm labor. It may indicate old blood or cervical changes.

B. Amniotic fluid in the vaginal vault: The presence of amniotic fluid suggests rupture of membranes, but rupture alone does not confirm active labor unless accompanied by cervical changes.

C. Report of pain above the umbilicus: Labor contractions typically begin in the lower back and radiate to the lower abdomen, not above the umbilicus. Upper abdominal pain may suggest another issue, such as preeclampsia.

D. Cervical dilation: Cervical dilation is the only definitive sign that labor is occurring. True labor involves progressive cervical dilation and effacement due to regular contractions.

A. Weight loss B. Abdominal cramping C. Severe vomiting D. Electrolyte imbalance E. Vaginal blood spotting

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Weight loss: Severe and prolonged nausea/vomiting leads to weight loss (>5% of pre-pregnancy weight). This is a key feature of hyperemesis gravidarum.

B. Abdominal cramping: Hyperemesis gravidarum does not cause abdominal cramping. Cramping is more associated with miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, or gastrointestinal conditions.

C. Severe vomiting: Persistent, severe vomiting is the hallmark sign of hyperemesis gravidarum. It is much more severe than typical morning sickness and leads to dehydration and nutritional deficiencies.

D. Electrolyte imbalance: Prolonged vomiting leads to dehydration and loss of essential electrolytes (e.g., hypokalemia, hyponatremia, metabolic alkalosis).

E. Vaginal blood spotting: Hyperemesis gravidarum does not cause vaginal bleeding. Vaginal spotting could indicate a miscarriage or another obstetric complication.

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In labor, GPTAL is used to assess the client's obstetric history. What does the 'P' in GPTAL stand for?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse midwife is examining a client who is a primigravida at 42 weeks of gestation and states that she believes she is in labor. Which of the following findings confirm to the nurse that the client is in labor?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client at 10 weeks of gestation who has been diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

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