In patients with hyperparathyroidism, what bone-related complication should a nurse anticipate?
Increased bone density
Bone infection
Osteoporosis
Fracture healing enhancement
The Correct Answer is C
A. Increased bone density: Hyperparathyroidism involves excessive secretion of Parathyroid Hormone (PTH). PTH works to raise blood calcium levels by pulling calcium out of the bones. This reduces, rather than increases, bone density.
B. Bone infection: While bones can get infected (osteomyelitis), this is usually due to bacteria introduced via trauma or surgery, not a hormonal imbalance like hyperparathyroidism.
C. Osteoporosis: Excess PTH stimulates osteoclasts (bone-breaking cells) to break down bone matrix and release calcium into the blood. Chronic breakdown leads to weak, brittle bones (osteoporosis) and a high risk of pathological fractures.
D. Fracture healing enhancement: Because the condition constantly removes calcium from bones to keep blood levels high, the structural integrity of the bone is compromised, hindering rather than helping bone strength and repair.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Oculomotor nerve (CN III):The Oculomotor nerve controls the majority of the extraocular muscles (superior, inferior, and medial rectus, and inferior oblique). It is responsible for moving the eye upward, downward, and inward, as well as lifting the eyelid and constricting the pupil.
B. Facial nerve (CN VII):The Facial nerve primarily controls muscles of facial expression (smiling, closing eyes tightly) and taste sensations, not the movement of the eyeball itself.
C. Optic nerve (CN II):The Optic nerve is a sensory nerve responsible for vision (sight). It transmits visual information from the retina to the brain but has no motor function to move the eye.
D. Trigeminal nerve (CN V):The Trigeminal nerve is primarily responsible for facial sensation (touch, pain, temperature) and the motor muscles of mastication (chewing). It does not control eye movement.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Cardiac muscle:Cardiac muscle is found only in the heart. It is striated and involuntary with unique intercalated discs and autorhythmicity; it is notthe muscle that lines most hollow organs (like intestines, bladder, blood vessels).
B. Smooth muscle:Smooth muscle is non-striated, involuntary muscle located in the walls of hollow organs (e.g., gastrointestinal tract, bladder, uterus), blood vessel walls, and bronchi. It generates slow, sustained contractions for peristalsis, vasomotion, and other automatic functions.
C. Skeletal muscle:Skeletal muscle is striated and under voluntary control, attached to bones to produce movement; it is not the primary muscle of hollow organ walls.
D. Striated muscle:“Striated muscle” is a descriptive term that includes skeletal and cardiac muscle (both have striations). Since the question asks specifically about involuntary muscle in hollow organs, striated muscle is not the correct category.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today