Which part of the nervous system is responsible for voluntary muscle control?
Peripheral nervous system
Central nervous system
Autonomic nervous system
Somatic nervous system
The Correct Answer is D
A. Peripheral nervous system: The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is a broad anatomical division that includes all nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. While it contains the nerves that control muscles, it also includes the Autonomic system (involuntary). Therefore, "Peripheral" is too broad and not specific to voluntary control.
B. Central nervous system: The Central Nervous System (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord. While it processes the decision to move, the actual transmission of signals to the skeletal muscles for execution is the function of the Somatic division of the PNS.
C. Autonomic nervous system: The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) controls involuntary body functions, such as heart rate, digestion, and respiratory rate. It regulates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands, not voluntary skeletal muscle.
D. Somatic nervous system: The Somatic Nervous System is the functional subdivision of the peripheral nervous system specifically responsible for carrying motor and sensory information both to and from the central nervous system. It connects to skeletal muscles, allowing for voluntary movement (like walking or waving).
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Hypodermis:Also known as the subcutaneous layer, the hypodermis acts as an energy reservoir (fat storage) and thermal insulator. While it connects skin to underlying muscle, it is not the primary site for the generation of new skin cells.
B. Dermis:The dermis is the connective tissue layer containing blood vessels, nerves, and collagen. While it plays a role in wound healing (fibroblasts produce collagen here to form scar tissue), the active production of new epithelial cells to resurface a wound occurs in the layer above it.
C. Epidermis:The deepest sub-layer of the epidermis, called the stratum basale(basal layer), contains stem cells that continuously divide (mitosis) to produce new keratinocytes. When skin is injured, these cells proliferate and migrate to cover the wound (re-epithelialization).
D. Stratum corneum:This is the outermost layer of the epidermis, consisting of dead, flattened, keratinized cells. These cells cannot divide or repair tissue; they are constantly shed and replaced by new cells pushing up from the basal layer.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Oculomotor nerve (CN III):This is a motornerve responsible for controlling most of the eye's movements (extraocular muscles) and pupil constriction, not the sensation of sight.
B. Optic nerve (CN II):The Optic nerve is a purely sensorynerve. It carries electrical impulses generated by light hitting the retina directly to the visual cortex in the brain for interpretation as images.
C. Trochlear nerve (CN IV):This is a motor nerve responsible for innervating the superior oblique muscle, which moves the eye downward and inward.
D. Trigeminal nerve (CN V):This is a mixed nerve primarily responsible for facial sensation (touch, pain) and the motor function of chewing (mastication).
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