In reviewing a plan of care for a patient exhibiting the symptoms of anaphylaxis, which of the following medications would be avoided?
Antihistamines
Vasodilators
Corticosteroids
Bronchodilators
The Correct Answer is B
A) Antihistamines:
Antihistamines are commonly used in the treatment of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. They work by blocking the effects of histamine, which is released during an allergic reaction, and can help alleviate symptoms such as itching, hives, and nasal congestion. Antihistamines are typically included in the treatment regimen for anaphylaxis but should not be relied upon as the sole treatment.
B) Vasodilators.
Vasodilators are medications that widen blood vessels, leading to a decrease in blood pressure. In the context of anaphylaxis, where blood pressure can drop precipitously due to systemic vasodilation, the use of vasodilators can exacerbate hypotension, potentially worsening the patient's condition. Therefore, vasodilators should be avoided in the management of anaphylaxis.
C) Corticosteroids:
Corticosteroids, such as prednisone or methylprednisolone, are used in the management of anaphylaxis to reduce inflammation and prevent late-phase allergic reactions. They are not typically used as first-line treatment during the acute phase of anaphylaxis but may be administered after initial stabilization to prevent recurrence of symptoms.
D) Bronchodilators:
Bronchodilators, such as albuterol, are used to relieve bronchospasm and improve airflow in conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While bronchospasm can occur during anaphylaxis, bronchodilators may still be used to address this symptom. However, they should be used cautiously, and their administration should not delay the administration of epinephrine, which is the primary treatment for anaphylaxis.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["Antidiarrheals"]
Explanation
Antidiarrheal medications are the most effective drugs for controlling severe diarrhea. These medications work by slowing down bowel movements and reducing the frequency and liquidity of stools. The two main types of antidiarrheal drugs are:
Loperamide: Loperamide is an over-the-counter antidiarrheal medication that works by slowing down the movement of the intestines and reducing the frequency of bowel movements. It is effective for treating acute diarrhea and traveler's diarrhea.
Bismuth subsalicylate: Bismuth subsalicylate is another over-the-counter medication that can help control diarrhea. It works by reducing inflammation in the intestines and slowing down the passage of stools. Bismuth subsalicylate also has antimicrobial properties, which may help in cases of infectious diarrhea.
These medications are often used in combination with rehydration therapy to manage severe diarrhea effectively. However, it is important to use antidiarrheal medications cautiously and under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as they may not be suitable for all individuals, especially those with certain medical conditions or those taking other medications. Additionally, it is essential to address the underlying cause of diarrhea, especially if it persists or worsens despite treatment with antidiarrheal medications. Consulting a healthcare provider is recommended for proper diagnosis and management of severe diarrhea.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) H2-receptor blockers:
H2-receptor blockers, such as ranitidine and famotidine, are used to reduce the production of stomach acid. While they can provide symptomatic relief for ulcers by reducing acid secretion, they do not directly treat the underlying cause of the ulcer, which is the H. pylori infection.
B) Antacids:
Antacids are medications that neutralize stomach acid and can provide temporary relief from ulcer symptoms such as pain and discomfort. However, they do not eradicate the H. pylori bacteria or address the root cause of the ulcer. Antacids only provide symptomatic relief rather than treating the infection.
C) Proton-pump inhibitors:
Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs), such as omeprazole and pantoprazole, are potent acid-suppressing medications that are commonly used to treat ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). While they can help in ulcer healing by reducing acid secretion and providing symptomatic relief, they are not effective in eradicating H. pylori infection. PPIs are often used in combination with antibiotics for H. pylori eradication therapy, but they are not the primary treatment on their own.
D) Antibiotics.
H. pylori (Helicobacter pylori) is a bacteria that commonly infects the stomach lining and is a major cause of gastric and duodenal ulcers. Antibiotics are the primary treatment for H. pylori infection. The antibiotics kill the bacteria, allowing the ulcer to heal. Common antibiotics used to treat H. pylori include amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, and tetracycline.
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