In the absence of surfactants:
It is difficult to keep the alveoli open
Bronchioles relax
The alveoli fill with water
Air enters the intrapleural space
The Correct Answer is A
A. It is difficult to keep the alveoli open- surfactant reduces alveolar surface tension; without it, alveoli collapse (atelectasis).
B. Bronchioles relax- not directly related to surfactant.
C. The alveoli fill with water- surfactant prevents collapse, not water entry.
D. Air enters the intrapleural space- this would cause a pneumothorax, unrelated to surfactant function.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Cerebellum: The cerebellum coordinates movement and balance, not respiration.
B. Medulla oblongata: The medulla controls the rate and depth of breathing by monitoring CO₂ and pH levels.
C. Hypothalamus: The hypothalamus regulates homeostasis and emotions, not directly breathing.
D. Cerebrum: The cerebrum controls voluntary actions and higher-level thinking, not automatic respiration.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Breathing muscles: diaphragm, intercostals- these are the primary muscles responsible for ventilation.
B. Respiratory gases: oxygen and carbon dioxide- these are the main gases exchanged during respiration.
C. Structures of the upper respiratory tract: nose, pharynx, larynx- these are part of the upper respiratory tract.
D. Structures of the bronchial tree: trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli- the trachea is part of the conducting zone but not part of the bronchial tree. The alveoli are part of the respiratory zone, not the bronchial tree.
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