In the absence of surfactants:
It is difficult to keep the alveoli open
Bronchioles relax
The alveoli fill with water
Air enters the intrapleural space
The Correct Answer is A
A. It is difficult to keep the alveoli open- surfactant reduces alveolar surface tension; without it, alveoli collapse (atelectasis).
B. Bronchioles relax- not directly related to surfactant.
C. The alveoli fill with water- surfactant prevents collapse, not water entry.
D. Air enters the intrapleural space- this would cause a pneumothorax, unrelated to surfactant function.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Larynx: The larynx is located below the pharynx and above the trachea. It houses the vocal cords and plays a role in speech. In the diagram, the larynx is likely structure #6, not #4.
B. Pharynx: The pharynx is a muscular passageway for food and air. It lies behind the nasal cavity and mouth, connecting them to the larynx and esophagus. Structure #4 is positioned in that area, making it the correct answer.
C. Trachea: The trachea is the windpipe that extends from the larynx downward into the chest. It is shown lower in the diagram (likely structure #7), not #4.
D. Nose: The nose (including the nostrils and nasal cavity) is the outermost and uppermost part of the respiratory tract. In the diagram, structure #3 appears to represent the nose, not #4.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. They are surfactant secreting membranes: Surfactant is secreted by alveolar cells, not pleural membranes.
B. They line the inner wall of the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles: These are lined by mucosa, not pleura.
C. They are serous membranes: The visceral pleura covers the lungs; the parietal pleura lines the thoracic cavity.
D. They line the mediastinum: The pleura surround the lungs, not the mediastinum specifically.
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