In the context of homeostasis, what role does the pancreas play in glucose regulation?
It stores glucose for later use.
It converts glucose into amino acids.
It secretes insulin to lower blood glucose levels.
It secretes glucagon to increase blood glucose levels.
The Correct Answer is C
A. It stores glucose for later use: Glucose is primarily stored in the liver and muscles as glycogen, not directly in the pancreas. The pancreas regulates blood glucose through hormone secretion rather than storage.
B. It converts glucose into amino acids: The pancreas does not convert glucose into amino acids; its role in glucose regulation is hormonal control through insulin and glucagon.
C. It secretes insulin to lower blood glucose levels: The pancreas contains beta cells in the islets of Langerhans that secrete insulin in response to elevated blood glucose. Insulin facilitates cellular glucose uptake, glycogen synthesis, and helps maintain homeostasis.
D. It secretes glucagon to increase blood glucose levels: Alpha cells in the pancreas secrete glucagon to raise blood glucose when levels are low, but the primary immediate role in lowering high blood glucose is through insulin secretion.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. To provide immediate defense against all pathogens: Nonspecific, or innate, immunity acts as the first line of defense by responding rapidly to pathogens. It includes barriers like skin, mucous membranes, and phagocytic cells that act regardless of the pathogen type.
B. To enhance the body's inflammatory response: While nonspecific immunity involves inflammation, enhancing the inflammatory response is a mechanism rather than the primary role. Its main function is broad and immediate defense.
C. To target specific pathogens based on antigens: Targeting specific pathogens is a function of specific (adaptive) immunity, which recognizes antigens and produces tailored responses.
D. To produce memory cells for long-term immunity: Memory cell production is part of adaptive immunity. Nonspecific immunity does not have memory and reacts the same way to repeated exposures.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Myelin sheath: The myelin sheath insulates neurons to speed up signal transmission but is not part of the muscle structure itself.
B. Synaptic cleft: The synaptic cleft is the gap between a neuron and muscle fiber where neurotransmitters are released, but it does not directly generate contraction.
C. Sarcomeres: Sarcomeres are the functional units of skeletal muscle fibers composed of actin and myosin filaments. Their organized structure allows efficient contraction through the sliding filament mechanism.
D. Mitochondria: Mitochondria produce ATP, providing energy for muscle contraction, but the structural arrangement of sarcomeres is what enables efficient contraction mechanics.
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