In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) is a common approach for women with blocked fallopian tubes or unexplained infertility and for men with very low sperm counts. A husband and wife have arrived for their preprocedural interview. The husband asks the nurse to explain what the procedure entails. The nurse's most appropriate response is:

Choice A reason: Eating five small meals daily can help reduce heartburn in pregnancy by preventing overeating and reducing the pressure on the stomach from the growing uterus. It can also help maintain a steady blood glucose level and prevent nausea and vomiting.

Choice B reason: Lying down after each meal can worsen heartburn in pregnancy by allowing the stomach acid to reflux into the esophagus. It can also cause breathing difficulties and increase the risk of aspiration. The woman should avoid lying down for at least two hours after eating and elevate her head and chest when sleeping.

Choice C reason: Reducing the amount of fiber she consumes can cause constipation and hemorrhoids in pregnancy, which can increase the discomfort and pain. Fiber is important for maintaining a healthy digestive system and preventing gestational diabetes and preeclampsia. The woman should consume at least 25 grams of fiber per day from fruits, vegetables, whole grains, beans, and nuts.

Choice D reason: Substituting other calcium sources for milk in her diet can deprive the woman and the baby of essential nutrients, such as protein, vitamin D, and riboflavin. Milk is not a common cause of heartburn in pregnancy, unless the woman is lactose intolerant or allergic to dairy products. The woman should consume at least three servings of dairy products per day or take calcium supplements as prescribed.

Choice A reason: Quickening is the first perception of fetal movement by the mother, usually occurring between 16 and 20 weeks of gestation. It is a presumptive sign of pregnancy, as it can be subjective and influenced by other factors such as gas or peristalsis.

Choice B reason: A positive pregnancy test is a probable sign of pregnancy, as it indicates the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the urine or blood. However, it is not conclusive, as it can be affected by false positives or false negatives, or by other conditions that produce hCG.

Choice C reason: Braxton Hicks contractions are irregular, painless uterine contractions that occur throughout pregnancy. They are a probable sign of pregnancy, as they indicate uterine activity and preparation for labor. However, they are not diagnostic, as they can also occur in non-pregnant women or in response to other stimuli.

Choice D reason: Fetal movement palpated by the nurse-midwife is a positive sign of pregnancy, as it confirms the presence of a living fetus in the uterus. It is an objective and reliable sign that can be detected by a skilled examiner after 20 weeks of gestation.