Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) are the so-called "bad" lipoproteins. Which statement best reflects why high levels of LDL are considered unhealthy?

There is an increased risk of hyperthyroidism.

There is an increased risk of heart disease.

There is the possibility of digestive problems.

There is an increased risk of rhabdomyolysis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) There is an increased risk of hyperthyroidism:
High levels of LDL cholesterol are not associated with hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is a condition related to an overactive thyroid gland, which affects metabolism and hormone levels but does not directly impact LDL cholesterol levels.

B) There is an increased risk of heart disease:
LDL cholesterol, often referred to as "bad cholesterol," contributes to the buildup of fatty plaques in the walls of arteries, a process known as atherosclerosis. This buildup can narrow and harden the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow and increasing the risk of heart disease, including conditions such as coronary artery disease, heart attack, and stroke. High LDL levels are considered one of the most significant modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

C) There is the possibility of digestive problems:
While very high cholesterol levels can sometimes contribute to the formation of gallstones, high LDL cholesterol levels are not directly linked to digestive problems. The primary concern with high LDL is its contribution to cardiovascular disease rather than digestive health.

D) There is an increased risk of rhabdomyolysis:
Rhabdomyolysis is a condition caused by the breakdown of muscle tissue, which can lead to the release of muscle proteins into the bloodstream. While certain medications used to lower cholesterol, such as statins, can cause muscle pain and, in rare cases, lead to rhabdomyolysis, high LDL itself is not a direct cause of rhabdomyolysis. The main health concern with high LDL is its contribution to heart disease.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Bradycardia
Bradycardia (a slow heart rate) is not the most common response to nitroglycerin (NTG). While NTG can affect heart rate in some individuals, its primary action is related to blood vessels, and it typically leads to vasodilation, which more commonly results in reflex tachycardia (an increased heart rate), rather than bradycardia.

B) Tachycardia
Tachycardia (an increased heart rate) can occur as a compensatory mechanism when nitroglycerin causes vasodilation and a decrease in blood pressure. However, this is more of a secondary effect. The primary action of nitroglycerin is to lower blood pressure (by dilating blood vessels), and in response to the lowered blood pressure, the body may try to compensate by increasing the heart rate.

C) Hypotension
The most common and primary response to nitroglycerin (NTG) administration is hypotension. Nitroglycerin works by relaxing smooth muscle in blood vessels, leading to vasodilation (widening of blood vessels). This reduces the amount of work the heart has to do and lowers the overall blood pressure. Hypotension is expected as part of the therapeutic effect of NTG, especially with a larger dose or rapid administration (e.g., sublingual NTG).

D) Dry mouth
While many medications can cause dry mouth (especially anticholinergic drugs), nitroglycerin is not typically associated with this issue. Its primary action is vasodilation, and while it can cause other symptoms like headaches, dizziness, and hypotension, dry mouth is not considered a common or significant effect.

A. 50 gtt/min B. 15 gtt/min C. 10 gtt/min D. 100 gtt/min

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

1. Determine the total volume to be infused: 100 mL

2. Calculate the infusion time in minutes: 30 minutes

3. Calculate the drip rate (gtt/min):

Drip rate = (Total volume / Infusion time) x Drop factor

Drip rate = (100 mL / 30 minutes) x 15 gtt/mL

Drip rate = 50 gtt/min

Therefore, the correct answer is 50 gtt/min

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Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) are the so-called "bad" lipoproteins. Which statement best reflects why high levels of LDL are considered unhealthy?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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