Ms. Jackson has been suffering from persistent vomiting for two days. She appears to be lethargic and weak and has myalgia. She is noted to have dry mucous membranes and her capillary refill time takes more than 4 seconds. She is diagnosed with gastroenteritis and dehydration. Measurement of arterial blood gas shows pH 7.5, PaO2 85 mm Hg, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, and HCO3 34 mmol/L. What acid base disorder is shown?
Metabolic Alkalosis, Partially Compensated
Respiratory Acidosis, Partially Compensated
Respiratory Alkalosis, Uncompensated
Metabolic Alkalosis, Uncompensated
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect. Partial compensation would typically involve a change in PaCO2 to counterbalance the elevated bicarbonate, which is not observed here.
Choice B reason: This choice is incorrect. Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a low pH and an elevated PaCO2, which is not consistent with the given values.
Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect. Respiratory alkalosis would present with a low PaCO2 due to hyperventilation, which is not the case here.
Choice D reason: This is the correct choice. The elevated pH and HCO3 with a normal PaCO2 indicate metabolic alkalosis without respiratory compensation. Persistent vomiting can lead to loss of stomach acid, which causes metabolic alkalosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Garlic, ginger, and ginkgo biloba do not typically increase the effects of antidepressant medications. Instead, they may interact with other medications and alter their effectiveness.
Choice B reason: Garlic, ginger, and ginkgo biloba are known to have blood thinning properties, which means they can increase the effects of oral anticoagulants, potentially leading to an increased risk of bleeding.
Choice C reason: There is no widespread evidence to suggest that garlic, ginger, and ginkgo biloba decrease the effects of antianxiety medications. However, they may interact with other medications and should be used cautiously.
Choice D reason: While garlic has been noted for its potential to lower blood pressure, it is not commonly associated with a decrease in the effects of antihypertensive medications. In fact, it may enhance their blood pressure lowering effects.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Keeping the client NPO (nothing by mouth) is not directly related to preventing a thyroid crisis. While it may be necessary in some situations, such as preoperative care, it does not address the hyperthyroid state.
Choice B reason: Observing the client for signs of hypocalcemia is important, especially after thyroid surgery, as hypocalcemia can occur due to accidental removal or damage to the parathyroid glands. However, it is not a preventive measure for a thyroid crisis.
Choice C reason: Providing a quiet, low stimulus environment can help reduce stress and agitation, which are potential triggers for a thyroid crisis. Stress can exacerbate hyperthyroid symptoms and precipitate a crisis.
Choice D reason: Aspirin is contraindicated in clients with hyperthyroidism as it can increase thyroid hormone levels by displacing them from their binding proteins. This can potentially worsen the condition and lead to a crisis.
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