A nurse is assessing a client who is 24 hours postoperative following an open reduction and internal fixation to repair a fracture of the femur. Which of the following assessment findings is an early manifestation of fat embolism syndrome (FES)?
Headache
Dyspnea
Red-brown petechiae
Altered mental status
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Headache can be associated with FES; however, it is not typically considered an early sign. It may occur as a part of the broader spectrum of symptoms.
Choice B reason: Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, is one of the earliest signs of FES. Patients may experience shortness of breath due to fat globules obstructing pulmonary vessels.
Choice C reason: Red-brown petechiae, which are small, pinpoint hemorrhages, can appear on the skin and are a classic sign of FES, often found in the axillary region or on the chest.
Choice D reason: Altered mental status, including confusion and drowsiness, can occur early in FES due to fat emboli traveling to the cerebral circulation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is correct because staying well hydrated can help prevent gout attacks and kidney stones, which can be a side effect of allopurinol.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Aspirin can interfere with allopurinol and may increase the risk of gout attacks; therefore, it is not recommended without consulting a healthcare provider.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Allopurinol does not need to be taken on an empty stomach; it can be taken with or without food.
Choice D reason: This is correct. Allopurinol should not be crushed or chewed; it should be swallowed whole.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect. Painless, raised purple nodules on the hard palate are not typically indicative of squamous cell carcinoma.
Choice B reason: This choice is incorrect. A small macule with a yellow-brown scale does not describe squamous cell carcinoma, which often presents as a firm nodule with a scaly crust.
Choice C reason: This is the correct choice. Squamous cell carcinoma can present as a firm nodule with a hard, scaly crust on the skin.
Choice D reason: Yellow white patches of growth on the tongue are more indicative of conditions such as oral leukoplakia, not squamous cell carcinoma.
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