Ms. Samuels is scheduled to receive chemotherapy this afternoon at 1400. Her prescribed chemotherapy treatment causes nausea and vomiting as a side effect. How should the RN approach treating this patient for this side effect?

A. To help prevent Tumor Lysis Syndrome.

Encouraging fluid intake is crucial for patients undergoing chemotherapy, especially when there's a risk of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS). TLS is a potentially serious complication that can occur when cancer cells release their contents into the bloodstream, leading to metabolic imbalances. Adequate hydration helps prevent the concentration of these released substances and reduces the risk of TLS.

B. Staying hydrated decreases oral dryness that the patient may exhibit as a result of chemotherapy.

While hydration is generally important for overall well-being, oral dryness is not typically a direct consequence of bladder cancer chemotherapy. It might be a side effect of certain medications, but the primary concern in this case is likely related to preventing TLS.

C. To help prevent new onset diabetes mellitus.

The rationale for fluid intake in the context of bladder cancer chemotherapy is not typically related to preventing new onset diabetes mellitus. The primary focus is usually on managing potential side effects of chemotherapy and promoting overall health.

D. Because it is better to encourage water Vs. carbonated beverages.

While encouraging water over carbonated beverages is generally a healthy choice, the primary rationale for increased fluid intake in the context of bladder cancer chemotherapy is more specific and related to preventing Tumor Lysis Syndrome.

A. Evaluate gastrointestinal function:

While gastrointestinal function is important to assess for side effects of chemotherapy, such as nausea and vomiting, monitoring for potential infection (fever) takes precedence in the context of myelosuppressive chemotherapy.

B. Assess for evidence of cardiac compromise:

Myelosuppression primarily affects the hematopoietic system, and assessing for cardiac compromise is not the priority in this situation.

C. Question about changes in taste or smell:

Changes in taste or smell are common side effects of chemotherapy, but they are not as critical as monitoring for signs of infection, especially fever.

D. Monitor for temperature changes:

Myelosuppression refers to the suppression of the bone marrow's ability to produce blood cells, including white blood cells. Neutropenia, a common side effect of myelosuppressive chemotherapy, increases the risk of infection. Fever may be the only early sign of infection in immunocompromised patients, and it can progress rapidly. Therefore, monitoring for temperature changes is crucial to identify and address potential infections promptly.