A nurse is caring for a client with diabetes mellitus who is prescribed regular insulin via a sliding scale. After administering the correct dose at 0715, the nurse should ensure the client receives breakfast at which of the following times?

0730

0745

0815

0720

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:

0730: Regular insulin, also known as short-acting insulin, typically begins to work within 30 minutes after administration. Therefore, ensuring the client receives breakfast at 0730, which is 15 minutes after the insulin dose, aligns with the onset of insulin action. This timing helps to prevent hypoglycemia by ensuring that glucose from the meal is available when the insulin starts to lower blood sugar levels.

Choice B reason:

0745: Administering breakfast at 0745, which is 30 minutes after the insulin dose, might be slightly delayed. While it is still within the effective window, it is better to have the meal a bit earlier to ensure that glucose is available as soon as the insulin begins to act.

Choice C reason:

0815: Providing breakfast at 0815, which is an hour after the insulin dose, is too late. By this time, the insulin would have already started to lower blood glucose levels significantly, increasing the risk of hypoglycemia. It is crucial to match the timing of food intake with the insulin action to maintain stable blood sugar levels.

Choice D reason:

0720: Serving breakfast at 0720, which is only 5 minutes after the insulin dose, is too early. The insulin would not have started to act yet, and the blood glucose levels might rise too high before the insulin begins to lower them. It is important to wait at least 15-30 minutes after administering regular insulin before eating.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Stop taking the pills and switch to a different contraceptive method: This is not necessary for a single missed dose. Stopping the pills entirely and switching methods would be an overreaction and could lead to unnecessary complications. The standard recommendation for a missed dose is to take it as soon as remembered and continue with the regular schedule.

Choice B reason:

Take a home pregnancy test: Taking a home pregnancy test is not required immediately after missing a single dose of oral contraceptives, especially if it is the first week of the cycle. Pregnancy tests are typically recommended if there is a significant delay in the menstrual cycle or if multiple doses are missed.

Choice C reason:

Do not have vaginal intercourse until after your next period: This advice is overly cautious for a single missed dose. While it is important to use backup contraception if multiple doses are missed, abstaining from intercourse until the next period is not necessary for just one missed pill.

Choice D reason:

Take the missed dose now, then continue the medication as ordered: This is the correct course of action. According to guidelines, if a single hormonal pill is missed, it should be taken as soon as possible, and the next pill should be taken at the usual time. This may mean taking two pills in one day, but it ensures continuous contraceptive protection.

A. Reduced chest width B. Increased force of isometric contraction C. Decreased muscle mass D. Thickened vertebral discs

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Reduced chest width: Aging does not typically result in a reduced chest width. Instead, changes in posture and the curvature of the spine can make the chest appear less prominent. The primary musculoskeletal changes with aging involve bone density, muscle mass, and joint flexibility

Choice B reason:

Increased force of isometric contraction: This is incorrect. Aging is associated with a decrease in muscle strength and mass, not an increase. The force of muscle contractions generally diminishes with age due to the loss of muscle fibers and changes in muscle composition.

Choice C reason:

Decreased muscle mass: This is correct. One of the most significant age-related musculoskeletal changes is sarcopenia, which is the loss of muscle mass and strength. This process begins around the age of 30 and accelerates with age, leading to decreased physical strength and increased risk of falls and fractures.

Choice D reason:

Thickened vertebral discs: Aging typically leads to the thinning and dehydration of intervertebral discs, not thickening. This can result in a reduction in height and increased susceptibility to spinal issues such as herniated discs and spinal stenosis.

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A nurse is caring for a client with diabetes mellitus who is prescribed regular insulin via a sliding scale. After administering the correct dose at 0715, the nurse should ensure the client receives breakfast at which of the following times?

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