A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving metoprolol. Which of the following indicates a therapeutic effect?

Decreased blood pressure.

Decreased dysrhythmias.

Increased urine output.

Decreased pulse.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:

Metoprolol is a beta-blocker commonly used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). One of its primary therapeutic effects is the reduction of blood pressure. By blocking beta-adrenergic receptors, metoprolol decreases the heart rate and the force of contraction, leading to lower blood pressure.

Choice B reason:

While metoprolol can help manage certain types of dysrhythmias by slowing the heart rate and stabilizing the heart’s rhythm, the primary therapeutic effect for which it is most commonly prescribed is the reduction of blood pressure.

Choice C reason:

Increased urine output is not a direct therapeutic effect of metoprolol. This effect is more commonly associated with diuretics, which are often used in conjunction with beta-blockers to manage hypertension and heart failure.

Choice D reason:

Decreased pulse is a potential effect of metoprolol, as it slows the heart rate. However, this is not the primary therapeutic goal. The main therapeutic effect is the reduction of blood pressure.

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Correct Answer is ["2"]

Explanation

Step 1: Determine the dosage required. Required dosage = 150 mg

Step 2: Determine the dosage available per tablet. Available dosage per tablet = 75 mg

Step 3: Calculate the number of tablets needed. Number of tablets needed = Required dosage ÷ Available dosage per tablet Number of tablets needed = 150 mg ÷ 75 mg

Step 4: Perform the division. 150 ÷ 75 = 2

The nurse should administer 2 tablets per dose.

A. Flu-like symptoms and night sweats B. Fungal and bacterial infections C. Pneumocystis lung infection D. Kaposi’s sarcoma

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Flu-like symptoms and night sweats

The initial symptoms of HIV infection often resemble those of the flu. These symptoms, known as acute retroviral syndrome (ARS) or primary HIV infection, typically occur within 2 to 4 weeks after the virus enters the body. Common symptoms include fever, chills, night sweats, muscle aches, sore throat, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, and a rash. These symptoms are the body’s natural response to the virus and indicate that the immune system is reacting to the infection. Night sweats, in particular, are a common symptom during the early stages of HIV infection.

Choice B reason: Fungal and bacterial infections

Fungal and bacterial infections are more commonly associated with later stages of HIV infection, particularly when the immune system has been significantly weakened. As HIV progresses and the immune system deteriorates, individuals become more susceptible to opportunistic infections, which are infections that occur more frequently and are more severe in people with weakened immune systems. These infections are not typically seen in the initial stages of HIV infection.

Choice C reason: Pneumocystis lung infection

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a serious infection that occurs in people with weakened immune systems, including those with advanced HIV/AIDS. It is caused by the fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii. PCP is not an initial symptom of HIV infection but rather a complication that can arise when the immune system is severely compromised. This infection is more indicative of the later stages of HIV, particularly when the CD4 cell count drops significantly.

Choice D reason: Kaposi’s sarcoma

Kaposi’s sarcoma is a type of cancer that forms in the lining of blood and lymph vessels. It is caused by the human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) and is commonly associated with advanced HIV infection or AIDS. Kaposi’s sarcoma presents as purple, red, or brown blotches or tumors on the skin and can also affect internal organs. This condition is not an initial symptom of HIV infection but rather a manifestation of severe immune system damage in the later stages of the disease.

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A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving metoprolol. Which of the following indicates a therapeutic effect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to administer amitriptyline 150 mg PO at bedtime. The amount available is amitriptyline 75 mg tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is ["2"]

Explanation

A nurse is presenting a community-based program about HIV and AIDS. A client asks the nurse to describe the initial symptoms experienced with HIV infection. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the explanation of initial symptoms?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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