A preschool-aged child who is being tested for Streptococcal pharyngitis returns to the clinic for signs of scarlet fever. Which assessment finding
provides the clearest indication to the nurse that the child is experiencing a reaction to toxins that are created by Streptococcal bacteria?
Flushed, peeling skin
Red bumps across chest
White coating on tongue
High, protracted fever
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Flushed, peeling skin is not a specific finding for scarlet fever. Flushed, peeling skin can be caused by various factors, such as sunburn, dehydration, allergic reaction, or infection. Scarlet fever is a condition that results from a Streptococcal infection in the throat or skin that produces toxins that cause a rash and fever. The rash usually begins on the neck and chest and then spreads to other parts of the body.
Choice B reason: This is the correct answer because red bumps across chest are a characteristic finding for scarlet fever. Red bumps across chest are part of the rash that develops due to toxins produced by Streptococcal bacteria. The rash usually feels like sandpaper and may be accompanied by itching or burning sensations. The rash typically lasts for about a week and then fades, leaving behind peeling skin.
Choice C reason: White coating on tongue is not a clear indication for scarlet fever. White coating on tongue can be caused by various factors, such as dehydration, poor oral hygiene, fungal infection, or inflammation. Scarlet fever may cause white patches or red spots on the tongue, but this is not a distinctive feature of scarlet fever.
Choice D reason: High, protracted fever is not a unique finding for scarlet fever. High, protracted fever can be caused by various factors, such as infection, inflammation, dehydration, or immunological disorder. Scarlet fever may cause high fever (above 101°F or 38.3°C), but this is not a definitive sign of scarlet fever.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Yellow-tinged sputum is not a serious adverse effect of linezolid. It may indicate an infection or inflammation in the respiratory tract, but it does not require immediate attention from the health care provider.
Choice B reason: Nausea and headache are common side effects of linezolid. They are usually mild and self-limiting, and they can be managed with supportive measures such as hydration, rest, and analgesics.
Choice C reason: Watery diarrhea is a sign of pseudomembranous colitis, a potentially life-threatening complication of linezolid. It is caused by an overgrowth of Clostridium difficile bacteria in the colon, which produce toxins that damage the intestinal mucosa. It can lead to dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, sepsis, and perforation. The nurse should report this finding to the health care provider immediately and stop the linezolid infusion.
Choice D reason: Increased fatigue is not a specific or serious adverse effect of linezolid. It may be related to the underlying infection, anemia, or other factors. It does not require urgent intervention from the health care provider.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Taking metformin with the morning and evening meal is a correct statement for the nurse to include, as this can improve the absorption and effectiveness of metformin and reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects. Therefore, this is a correct choice.
Choice B reason: Using sliding scale insulin for frequent blood glucose elevations is not a correct statement for the nurse to include, as this is not recommended for clients with type 2 DM who are taking metformin. This can cause hypoglycemia and complicate the management of blood glucose levels. This is an incorrect choice.
Choice C reason: Recognizing signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia is a correct statement for the nurse to include, as this can help the client identify and treat low blood glucose levels, which can occur with metformin use or other factors such as exercise, fasting, or alcohol intake. Therefore, this is another correct choice.
Choice D reason: Reporting persistent polyuria to the health care provider is a correct statement for the nurse to include, as this can indicate poor glycemic control or a complication of DM such as diabetic ketoacidosis or nephropathy. Therefore, this is another correct choice.
Choice E reason: Taking an additional dose for signs of hyperglycemia is not a correct statement for the nurse to include, as this can cause overdose or toxicity of metformin, which can lead to lactic acidosis and renal failure. This is another incorrect choice.
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