What characteristics are typical in a child diagnosed with Down syndrome? (Select all that apply)
Protruding tongue.
Outward slant to eyes.
Wide-spaced front teeth.
Curved, small fingers.
Simian creases.
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
Choice A rationale
A protruding tongue is a common characteristic in children diagnosed with Down syndrome. This is due to hypotonia (low muscle tone) and a relatively small oral cavity.
Choice B rationale
An outward slant to the eyes, also known as upslanting palpebral fissures, is a common characteristic in children with Down syndrome.
Choice C rationale
Wide-spaced front teeth are not typically associated with Down syndrome. Dental anomalies in Down syndrome often include delayed eruption of teeth and missing or extra teeth.
Choice D rationale
Curved, small fingers are a common characteristic in children with Down syndrome. This is part of the typical hand morphology that may also include a single palmar crease.
Choice E rationale
Simian creases, also known as single palmar creases, are common in children with Down syndrome. This is a single crease that runs across the palm of the hand, instead of the usual three creases.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While rest is important for a child, suggesting that the child needs to rest does not address the parents’ concern about their child crying when they leave.
Choice B rationale
This is the correct answer. It is normal for an 8-month-old child to show signs of separation anxiety when their parents leave. This is a part of their normal development where they start to understand object permanence - the concept that things and people exist even when they’re out of sight. This can make them upset when their parents leave as they understand their parents are somewhere else, but they don’t know when they’ll return.
Choice C rationale
Notifying the provider about a normal developmental behavior is not necessary. It’s important for parents to understand that this behavior is a normal part of their child’s development.
Choice D rationale
While an overstimulating environment can cause distress in children, in this case, the child is upset because of their parents leaving, not because of the environment.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While assistance may be needed to comfort the toddler during the procedure, holding the toddler in a prone position is not the recommended position for a lumbar puncture.
Choice B rationale
Placing the toddler in a side-lying, knee-chest position is the correct position for a lumbar puncture. This position helps to open up the spaces between the vertebrae, making it easier to access the spinal canal.
Choice C rationale
Restraining the toddler for 1 hour after the procedure is not necessary and could cause distress to the toddler.
Choice D rationale
While swaddling the toddler in a warm blanket may provide comfort, it is not a necessary step in the administration of a lumbar puncture.
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