What characteristics are typical in a child diagnosed with Down syndrome? (Select all that apply)
Protruding tongue.
Outward slant to eyes.
Wide-spaced front teeth.
Curved, small fingers.
Simian creases.
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
Choice A rationale
A protruding tongue is a common characteristic in children diagnosed with Down syndrome. This is due to hypotonia (low muscle tone) and a relatively small oral cavity.
Choice B rationale
An outward slant to the eyes, also known as upslanting palpebral fissures, is a common characteristic in children with Down syndrome.
Choice C rationale
Wide-spaced front teeth are not typically associated with Down syndrome. Dental anomalies in Down syndrome often include delayed eruption of teeth and missing or extra teeth.
Choice D rationale
Curved, small fingers are a common characteristic in children with Down syndrome. This is part of the typical hand morphology that may also include a single palmar crease.
Choice E rationale
Simian creases, also known as single palmar creases, are common in children with Down syndrome. This is a single crease that runs across the palm of the hand, instead of the usual three creases.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The FACES pain scale is typically used for children who are at least 3 years old. It requires the child to compare their pain to a series of faces ranging from smiling to crying.
Choice B rationale
The Word-Graphic Rating Scale is typically used for older children and adolescents who can read and understand the descriptive words associated with each level of pain.
Choice C rationale
The FLACC pain scale, which stands for Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability, is appropriate for assessing pain in a 3-month-old infant. It is often used for children under 3 years old or those who are unable to verbally communicate their pain.
Choice D rationale
The Oucher pain scale is typically used for children aged 3 to 13 years. It includes a series of photographs of children’s faces and a numerical scale for older children.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Hypertension is not typically associated with spina bifida. While it can occur in any individual based on a variety of factors such as diet, lifestyle, and genetics, it is not a direct complication of spina bifida.
Choice B rationale
Urinary tract infections are a common complication in individuals with spina bifida. This is because many people with this condition often cannot control their bladder and bowel movements, which can lead to infections. The nerves that control the bladder and bowel are often damaged in spina bifida, leading to issues with these functions and increasing the risk of urinary tract infections.
Choice C rationale
Hearing loss is not typically a complication of spina bifida. While hearing loss can occur due to a variety of reasons such as age, exposure to loud noises, and certain illnesses, it is not directly related to spina bifida.
Choice D rationale
Type 1 diabetes is not a known complication of spina bifida. Diabetes is a condition that affects the body’s ability to regulate blood sugar levels and is not directly related to the neurological and physical issues caused by spina bifida.
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