A nurse is collecting data from an infant who has hydrocephalus.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Soft and flat fontanels.
Proteinuria.
Dilated scalp veins.
Hypertension.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
A bulging fontanel is a common sign of hydrocephalus in infants. The fontanels, or soft spots on an infant’s head, allow for brain growth. When there is an excess of cerebrospinal fluid, as in hydrocephalus, it can cause the fontanels to bulge outwards.
Choice B rationale
Proteinuria, or excess protein in the urine, is not typically associated with hydrocephalus. It is more commonly seen in kidney diseases.
Choice C rationale
Dilated scalp veins may be seen in hydrocephalus due to increased pressure, but it is not as common or as early a sign as a bulging fontanel.
Choice D rationale
Hypertension is not typically associated with hydrocephalus in infants. While hydrocephalus can cause increased intracranial pressure, it does not typically cause systemic hypertension.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While rest is important for a child, suggesting that the child needs to rest does not address the parents’ concern about their child crying when they leave.
Choice B rationale
This is the correct answer. It is normal for an 8-month-old child to show signs of separation anxiety when their parents leave. This is a part of their normal development where they start to understand object permanence - the concept that things and people exist even when they’re out of sight. This can make them upset when their parents leave as they understand their parents are somewhere else, but they don’t know when they’ll return.
Choice C rationale
Notifying the provider about a normal developmental behavior is not necessary. It’s important for parents to understand that this behavior is a normal part of their child’s development.
Choice D rationale
While an overstimulating environment can cause distress in children, in this case, the child is upset because of their parents leaving, not because of the environment.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While sleep apnea has been associated with SIDS, it is not considered the main cause. SIDS is a complex syndrome that is likely caused by a combination of genetic, environmental, and physiological factors.
Choice B rationale
Placing a baby on their back to sleep is one of the most effective ways to reduce the risk of SIDS. This position allows for optimal oxygenation and minimizes the risk of suffocation.
Choice C rationale
SIDS rates have actually been decreasing over the last 10 years due to increased awareness and education about safe sleep practices.
Choice D rationale
There is no evidence to suggest that the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccines are directly correlated with SIDS. In fact, immunizations are an important part of maintaining a baby’s health and reducing the risk of serious illness. Down syndromeDown syndrome Explore
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