nurse is reviewing a client's medical history before administering a new prescription for atropine. Which of the following client conditions is contraindicated?
Glaucoma
Bronchospasms
Diverticulitis
Diarrhea
The Correct Answer is A
A) Glaucoma: Atropine is contraindicated in clients with glaucoma due to its potential to exacerbate intraocular pressure. Glaucoma is a condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure, which can lead to optic nerve damage and vision loss if left untreated or if pressure is further increased. Atropine, as an anticholinergic medication, works by dilating the pupil and inhibiting accommodation, thereby increasing intraocular pressure. Administering atropine to a client with glaucoma can worsen their condition and potentially cause acute angle-closure glaucoma, which is a medical emergency. Therefore, it is essential to avoid using atropine in clients with glaucoma to prevent irreversible vision loss and other serious complications.
B) Bronchospasms: Atropine can be used to treat bronchospasms by dilating the bronchi and bronchioles, making it easier to breathe. While it may not be the first-line treatment for bronchospasms, it is not contraindicated in this condition. The bronchodilatory effects of atropine help relieve airway constriction and improve airflow, which can be beneficial in managing bronchospasms associated with conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, atropine can be considered as part of the treatment regimen for bronchospasms when indicated.
C) Diverticulitis: Atropine does not have any specific contraindications related to diverticulitis. However, caution should be exercised in clients with pre-existing gastrointestinal conditions due to potential anticholinergic effects, such as decreased gastrointestinal motility. While atropine can inhibit gastrointestinal motility and secretions, which may exacerbate symptoms in some individuals with diverticulitis, it is not considered a contraindication. The decision to use atropine in clients with diverticulitis should be based on the overall assessment of the client's condition and the potential benefits versus risks of treatment.
D) Diarrhea: Atropine can be used to treat diarrhea by reducing gastrointestinal motility and secretions. Therefore, it is not contraindicated in clients with diarrhea. By slowing down gastrointestinal motility and reducing secretions, atropine can help alleviate diarrhea and promote better bowel control. While other treatment options may be considered depending on the underlying cause of diarrhea, atropine can be effective in managing diarrhea associated with certain conditions or as part of a treatment regimen for specific gastrointestinal disorders.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Naloxone: This is the correct medication to anticipate administering for opioid toxicity. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that competitively blocks opioid receptors, reversing the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression, sedation, and hypotension. Administering naloxone can quickly reverse the toxic effects of opioids and restore adequate ventilation and consciousness in the client.
B) Atropine: Atropine is not indicated for opioid toxicity. It is an anticholinergic medication used to treat bradycardia and to decrease respiratory secretions, but it does not reverse the effects of opioids.
C) Midazolam: Midazolam is a benzodiazepine medication used for sedation, anxiety reduction, and induction of anesthesia. While it may be used as an adjunct in the management of acute agitation or seizures, it is not the primary medication for reversing opioid toxicity.
D) Dexamethasone: Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid medication with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. It is not indicated for the treatment of opioid toxicity.
Correct Answer is ["50"]
Explanation
Volume delivered per minute:
Flow rate (mL/hr) = 200 mL/hr (from previous steps)
Volume per minute (mL/min) = Flow rate (mL/hr) / 60 minutes/hour
Volume per minute (mL/min) = 200 mL/hr / 60 minutes/hour = 3.33 mL/min (round to two decimals for accuracy)
Convert volume per minute to gtt/min using the drop factor:
Drop factor = 15 gtt/mL
Volume per minute (mL/min) = 3.33 mL/min (rounded value)
Flow rate (gtt/min) = Volume per minute (mL/min) x Drop factor (gtt/mL)
Flow rate (gtt/min) = 3.33 mL/min x 15 gtt/mL
Flow rate (gtt/min) = 50 gtt/min (round to nearest whole number as requested)
Therefore, the nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver approximately 50 gtt/min.
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