On the first prenatal visit, examination of the woman's internal genitalia reveals a bluish coloration of the cervix and vaginal mucosa. The nurse documents this finding as:

Chadwick's sign

Goodell's sign

Hegar's sign

Homan's sign

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A Reason: This is correct because Chadwick's sign is a bluish or purplish discoloration of the cervix, vagina, and vulva caused by increased blood flow to the pelvic area during pregnancy. It is one of the earliest signs of pregnancy and can be observed as early as six to eight weeks of gestation.

Choice B Reason: This is incorrect because Goodell's sign is a softening of the cervix due to increased vascularity and edema during pregnancy. It is another early sign of pregnancy and can be detected by palpation around six to eight weeks of gestation.

Choice C Reason: This is incorrect because Hegar's sign is a softening of the lower uterine segment or isthmus during pregnancy. It is also an early sign of pregnancy and can be felt by bimanual examination around six to twelve weeks of gestation.

Choice D Reason: This is incorrect because Homan's sign is a pain in the calf or popliteal region when the foot is dorsiflexed. It is a sign of deep vein thrombosis, which is a potential complication of pregnancy, but not a normal finding.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason: This is correct because breast tenderness is a common discomfort during the first trimester of pregnancy. It is caused by hormonal changes that stimulate breast growth and prepare them for lactation. Breast tenderness may also be accompanied by swelling, tingling, or sensitivity.

Choice B Reason: This is correct because urinary frequency is a common discomfort during the first trimester of pregnancy. It is caused by hormonal changes that increase blood flow to the kidneys and bladder, as well as by the growing uterus that puts pressure on the bladder. Urinary frequency may also be associated with increased thirst or urinary tract infections.

Choice C Reason: This is incorrect because backache is not a common discomfort during the first trimester of pregnancy. It usually occurs in later stages of pregnancy, when the weight of the fetus and the uterus shifts the center of gravity and strains the back muscles and ligaments. Backache may also be caused by poor posture, stress, or fatigue.

Choice D Reason: This is correct because cravings are a common discomfort during the first trimester of pregnancy. They are caused by hormonal changes that affect the sense of taste and smell, as well as by emotional or psychological factors. Cravings may vary from person to person and may include foods that are sweet, salty, sour, or spicy.

Choice E Reason: This is incorrect because leg cramps are not a common discomfort during the first trimester of pregnancy. They usually occur in later stages of pregnancy, when there is increased pressure on the nerves and blood vessels that supply the legs. Leg cramps may also be caused by dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, or muscle fatigue.

A. Nausea B. Abdominal enlargement C. Positive pregnancy test D. Braxton Hicks contractions E. Amenorrhea

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason: Nausea is a common presumptive sign of pregnancy, especially in the first trimester. It is caused by hormonal changes and may be accompanied by vomiting.

Choice B Reason: Abdominal enlargement is another presumptive sign of pregnancy, as the uterus grows to accommodate the developing fetus. It may be noticeable as early as 12 weeks of gestation.

Choice C Reason: A positive pregnancy test is a presumptive sign of pregnancy, as it detects the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a hormone produced by the placenta. However, it is not a definitive sign, as it may be affected by other factors such as medications, tumors, or false positives.

Choice D Reason: Braxton Hicks contractions are not a presumptive sign of pregnancy, but a probable sign. They are irregular and painless contractions of the uterus that occur throughout pregnancy, but become more frequent and noticeable in the third trimester. They are also known as false labor contractions.

Choice E Reason: Amenorrhea, or the absence of menstrual periods, is a presumptive sign of pregnancy, as it indicates that ovulation has ceased. However, it is not a definitive sign, as it may be caused by other factors such as stress, illness, or hormonal imbalances.

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On the first prenatal visit, examination of the woman's internal genitalia reveals a bluish coloration of the cervix and vaginal mucosa. The nurse documents this finding as:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a pregnant client in her first trimester about discomforts that she may experience. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the woman identifies which discomforts as common during the first trimester? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who may be pregnant. The nurse reviews the client's history for presumptive signs. Which signs would the nurse most likely note? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

It is determined that a client's blood Rh is negative and her partner's is positive. To help prevent Rh isoimmunization, the nurse would expect to administer Rho(D) immune globulin at which time?

A client is diagnosed with gestational hypertension and is receiving magnesium sulfate. Which finding would the nurse interpret as indicating a therapeutic level of medication?

A pregnant woman undergoes a triple/quadruple screen at 16 to 18 weeks' gestation. What would the nurse suspect if the woman's alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level is decreased?

A nurse is conducting an in-service program for a group of nurses working at the women's health facility about the causes of spontaneous abortion. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which condition as the most common cause of first trimester abortions?

A nurse is providing prenatal care to a pregnant client. At which time would the nurse expect to screen the client for group B streptococcus infection?

Upon entering the room of a client who has had a spontaneous abortion, the nurse observes the client crying. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?

While talking with a pregnant woman who has undergone genetic testing, the woman informs the nurse that her baby will be born with Down syndrome. The nurse understands that Down syndrome is an example of: