One therapeutic indication for Histamine-2 Antagonists is:

Allergies

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Constipation

Diarrhea

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Allergies: Although histamine is involved in allergic reactions, H2 antagonists target histamine receptors in the stomach, not the ones responsible for allergic symptoms. H1 blockers, such as diphenhydramine or loratadine, are used to manage allergies, not H2 antagonists.

B. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Histamine-2 antagonists like ranitidine and famotidine reduce gastric acid secretion by blocking H2 receptors on parietal cells. This helps relieve symptoms of GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation.

C. Constipation: Constipation is unrelated to histamine activity in the gastrointestinal tract. Treatment involves stool softeners, laxatives, or dietary fiber, not acid-suppressing agents like H2 blockers.

D. Diarrhea: H2 antagonists do not reduce intestinal motility or fluid secretion and have no therapeutic role in treating diarrhea. Antidiarrheal agents like loperamide are more appropriate for managing this condition.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. laxative dependence: Chronic use of stimulant laxatives can lead to the bowel becoming reliant on external stimulation for defecation. Over time, this weakens natural peristalsis and results in need for progressively stronger doses or continued use to maintain bowel movements.

B. stomach ulcers: Stomach ulcers are typically caused by factors such as Helicobacter pylori infection or NSAID overuse. Laxatives do not erode the gastric lining or contribute to ulcer formation as part of their mechanism of action.

C. reflux disease: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) results from lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction and is unrelated to laxative use. Laxatives affect the colon and rectum, not the upper gastrointestinal structures involved in reflux.

D. laxative toxicity: While laxative abuse can lead to electrolyte imbalances, especially hypokalemia, "laxative toxicity" is not a widely recognized or specific medical condition. The main clinical concern is dependence, not toxicity per se.

A. decreasing intestinal motility B. absorbing toxins C. binding with fecal material to increase bulk D. blocking the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ)

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. decreasing intestinal motility: Loperamide is an opioid-receptor agonist that works primarily by slowing peristalsis in the intestines. This prolongs transit time, allowing more water and electrolytes to be absorbed, which leads to firmer stools and reduced frequency.

B. absorbing toxins: Loperamide does not have the ability to bind or neutralize intestinal toxins. Medications such as activated charcoal or specific antibiotics are used in cases where toxin absorption or elimination is necessary, not loperamide.

C. binding with fecal material to increase bulk: Bulk-forming agents like psyllium work by increasing stool mass to stimulate bowel movement. Loperamide has the opposite effect, reducing motility rather than promoting it, and does not act by bulking the stool.

D. blocking the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ): The CTZ is involved in nausea and vomiting, not diarrhea. Drugs that block the CTZ, such as ondansetron or metoclopramide, are used as antiemetics, not antidiarrheals like loperamide.

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One therapeutic indication for Histamine-2 Antagonists is:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Regular, long term use of laxatives may cause:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse administers loperamide to a client. The nurse expects to decrease the client's number and liquidity of stool by what mechanism?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse administers psyllium to a client diagnosed with constipation. What outcome best demonstrates therapeutic effects?

The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving ondansetron IV. The nurse can be confident that treatment is effective when:

The nurse is caring for a client who has begun vomiting after undergoing bariatric surgery. When including this complication in the plan of care, what would be an appropriate nursing conclusion related to the central nervous system (CNS) effects associated with an antiemetic?

The client reports using an over-the-counter (OTC) antidiarrheal agent for treatment of diarrhea, the nurse would educate the client to contact their primary health care provider if diarrhea is not resolved in which time frame?

A client with a history of peptic ulcer disease has responded well to treatment with a histamine-2 antagonist. What effect will this nurse explain to the client this drug has?

Which insulin requires the nurse to wait until the meal trays are being delivered to the client before administering?

Antiemetics mostly work at which site of action?

The following statements are true regarding proton pump inhibitors. Select all that apply.