(Online ATI/HESI question): A nurse is preparing to suction a patient with thick secretions. Which type of suctioning catheter should the nurse choose to effectively aspirate the secretions?
Closed catheter.
Metal catheter.
Large French scale catheter.
Catheter with a single opening.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
A closed catheter is the most appropriate choice for suctioning a patient with thick secretions. Closed catheters have a two-way valve that allows for continuous suction while minimizing the risk of introducing air into the patient's airway. This design prevents the loss of oxygen and maintains a closed system, reducing the risk of complications such as hypoxia and infection.
Choice B rationale:
Metal catheters are not suitable for suctioning thick secretions. They can be rigid and may cause trauma to the airway, leading to bleeding and discomfort for the patient.
Choice C rationale:
Large French scale catheters are not specifically designed for thick secretions and may not effectively aspirate them. These catheters are typically used for drainage of body cavities or larger organs.
Choice D rationale:
A catheter with a single opening is not ideal for suctioning thick secretions. It may not provide sufficient suctioning power and could lead to ineffective removal of secretions from the patient's airway.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The most crucial measure to prevent cross-contamination during sterile suctioning is the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). PPE, including gloves, gown, mask, and eye protection, creates a barrier between the healthcare provider and the patient's respiratory secretions, reducing the risk of infection transmission.
Choice B rationale:
Proper disposal of waste materials is important for infection control, but it is not the most critical measure to prevent cross-contamination during sterile suctioning. While proper waste disposal is necessary to reduce the spread of infections, using PPE is more directly related to preventing cross-contamination during the procedure.
Choice C rationale:
Environmental cleaning of the suction device is essential for infection control, but it is not the most important measure to prevent cross-contamination during sterile suctioning. The immediate and direct protection provided by PPE is more effective in reducing the risk of transmission during the procedure.
Choice D rationale:
Performing hand hygiene before and after the procedure is vital for infection control, but it is not the most crucial measure to prevent cross-contamination during sterile suctioning. While hand hygiene is essential for reducing the spread of infections, using PPE provides an additional layer of protection during the procedure.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice D rationale:
Before performing sterile suctioning on a patient with an endotracheal tube (ETT), the nurse should preoxygenate the patient with 100% oxygen. Suctioning can temporarily decrease oxygen levels in the airway, and preoxygenation helps prevent hypoxia during the procedure.
Choice A rationale:
Checking the patient's blood pressure is not directly related to the preparation for sterile suctioning. However, the nurse should monitor vital signs during and after the procedure.
Choice B rationale:
Placing the patient in the supine position is not a specific requirement for sterile suctioning. The nurse should position the patient appropriately for the procedure to ensure optimal access to the airway.
Choice C rationale:
Inserting the catheter without resistance is not a recommended action. The nurse should assess the patient's airway and ensure proper placement of the suctioning catheter to avoid causing injury or damage.
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