Osmosis differs from diffusion in that it refers to:

movement solutes from the cells to the interstitial fluid

movement of fluid out of the vascular system

substances moved across a membrane with the use of energy

movement of solvent across a semi-permeable membrane

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. movement solutes from the cells to the interstitial fluid: This describes diffusion, specifically solute movement down a concentration gradient.

B. movement of fluid out of the vascular system: This could describe filtration or capillary leakage, not osmosis specifically.

C. substances moved across a membrane with the use of energy: This describes active transport, not osmosis.

D. movement of solvent across a semi-permeable membrane: Osmosis is the passive movement of water (solvent) through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. 430 ml: This doesn’t include all oral items.

B. 450 ml: Juice (120) + cereal (180) + tea (150) = 450 ml total oral intake.

C. 300 ml: Underestimates total oral intake.

D. 1500 ml: This may include IV fluid, which isn’t oral intake.

A. none of the answers are correct B. hypotonic C. isotonic D. hypertonic

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. none of the answers are correct: One of the listed answers (isotonic) is

B. hypotonic: Hypotonic fluids cause water to move into cells, potentially leading to cellular swelling.

C. isotonic: Isotonic fluids (e.g., 0.9% NaCl) have the same osmolarity as plasma and expand extracellular volume without causing fluid shifts.

D. hypertonic: Hypertonic fluids draw water out of cells, causing cellular dehydration.

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Osmosis differs from diffusion in that it refers to:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient who is started on oral nourishment along with IV fluid has the following amounts entered on his I and O sheet: juice 120 ml, cereal 180 ml, tea 150 ml, urine 380 ml, IV fluid 1050 ml, and emesis 50 ml. His total oral intake was:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Fluid having a concentration of electrolytes that expands volume but does not cause a fluid shift in or out of the cells would be considered

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A backup of fluid in the lungs which can occur as a result of heart failure is called:

The normal elasticity and resiliency of the skin caused by the outward pressure of the cells and interstitial fluid is called:

When water is lost from the body but there is no electrolyte loss, this condition is called:

The most abundant anion in plasma membranes is:

A cation that plays a major role in bone formation is:

Antidiuretic hormone:

The major route of excretion of all electrolytes from the body is via the:

n addition to blood buffers, other body systems that work to keep the pH of the body within normal range are: