Review the lab results in the chart tab

LAB

LAB

Result

Normal Range

Potassium

2.8 mEq/L

3.5-5.3mEq/L

Sodium

133 mEq/L

135-145 mEqL

Chloride

90 mEq/L

97-107 mEqL

Glucose

200 mg/dL

70mg/dL to

110mg/dL

Magnesium

2.5 mg/dL

1.6-2.2 mg/dL

Calcium

8.0 mg/dL

8.2-10.2 mg/dL:

A client admitted to the Emergency Department (ED) and the cardiac monitor shows multifocal premature ventricular contractions (PVC's). Initial laboratory findings are as follows. The nurse recognizes that the client's PVC's are most likely caused by:

hypermagnesemia.

hypocalcemia.

hypokalemia,

hyperglycemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   Hypermagnesemia can cause bradycardia and hypotension, but it is less commonly associated with PVCs. This does not align with the lab results provided.
B.   Hypocalcemia can cause arrhythmias, but it is not the most likely cause of PVCs in this case, considering other findings.
C.   Hypokalemia (low potassium) is a known cause of PVCs. The patient's potassium level is 2.8 mEq/L, which is significantly low and most likely contributing to the PVCs.
D.   Although hyperglycemia can affect cardiac function, it is less commonly linked to PVCs compared to electrolyte imbalances, such as hypokalemia.

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Increased respiratory rate - Fluid overload can lead to pulmonary edema, which causes difficulty breathing and an increased respiratory rate.
B. Increased temperature - Fluid overload does not typically cause a temperature increase. A fever may indicate infection rather than fluid overload.
C. Increased heart rate - The body compensates for fluid overload by increasing the heart rate to maintain cardiac output.
D. Increased blood pressure - Fluid overload leads to increased blood volume, which results in elevated blood pressure.
E. Increase hematocrit - Hematocrit usually decreases with fluid overload, as it is diluted by the extra fluid volume.

A. Marked limitation with physical activity but comfortable at rest B. Angioedema and urticaria C. Increased urine output D. Chest pain during sleep that is relieved with nitroglycerin

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Clients with left-sided heart failure often experience symptoms like shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention, which limit physical activity. However, they may still feel relatively comfortable when resting.
B. These symptoms are more commonly associated with allergic reactions or side effects of medications (such as ACE inhibitors) rather than heart failure.
C. This is not typical in the later stages of left-sided heart failure. In fact, clients may experience reduced urine output due to poor kidney perfusion.
D. Chest pain can occur due to ischemia, but this is not a hallmark symptom of left-sided heart failure, which is more characterized by dyspnea and fatigue.

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LAB	Result	Normal Range
Potassium	2.8 mEq/L	3.5-5.3mEq/L
Sodium	133 mEq/L	135-145 mEqL
Chloride	90 mEq/L	97-107 mEqL
Glucose	200 mg/dL	70mg/dL to 110mg/dL
Magnesium	2.5 mg/dL	1.6-2.2 mg/dL
Calcium	8.0 mg/dL	8.2-10.2 mg/dL:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client who is in the later stages of left-sided heart failure. Which chief complaint would the nurse expect the client to report?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which intervention(s) should the nurse include in the post-operative care of a client following a permanent pacemaker insertion? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

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