Sarah, a 75-year-old woman with a history of COPD, has recently been experiencing frequent respiratory infections. As the nurse teaches her about the impact of aging on the immune system, which change should be emphasized?

Reduction in saliva production

Thickening of the skin

Weakening of the periosteum

Reduced ciliary action in the respiratory tract

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Reduction in saliva production is not directly related to the immune system; it's more associated with oral health.
B.   Thickening of the skin is a normal part of aging but is not directly related to the immune system.
C.   Weakening of the periosteum refers to the outer layer of bone, and while it can occur with aging, it's not directly relevant to the immune system.
D.   Reduced ciliary action in the respiratory tract is a common age-related change that can compromise the body's ability to clear pathogens and debris from the respiratory system, thus increasing susceptibility to respiratory infections.

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Correct Answer is ["C","D"]

Explanation

A. Immunoglobulin injection provides passive immunity, which is temporary and does not confer long-term protection.
B. Passive immunity is different from active immunity, which is acquired through vaccination or natural infection and involves the stimulation of the recipient's own

immune system to produce antibodies and memory cells that can recognize and eliminate the pathogen in the future.
C. Passive immunity is effective in preventing or reducing the severity of infections, but it does not last long and does not confer memory or protection against future exposures.
D. Passive immunity acquired through immunoglobulin injection is temporary and wanes over time.
E. Immunoglobulin injection provides passive immunity and is not conferred through vaccination, which induces active immunity.

A. Incorporate a diet rich in fresh fruits. B. Strictly adhere to Standard Precautions. C. Refrain from placing live plants in Paul's room. D. Implement protective isolation measures. E. Install high-efficiency particulate air filters

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Avoid giving Paul a diet rich in fresh fruits, as they may contain harmful microorganisms that could cause infections. Instead, give him cooked or canned fruits that are safe to eat.
B. Strict adherence to Standard Precautions, which include hand hygiene, wearing gloves, gowns, and masks when necessary, is crucial to prevent infections in immunocompromised patients.
C. Do not place live plants in Paul's room, as they may harbor mold spores that could cause respiratory problems for Paul. Instead, use artificial plants or flowers that are easy to clean and disinfect.

D. Protective isolation measures, such as placing the patient in a private room and using appropriate barriers, can help minimize the risk of exposure to infectious agents.
E. Installing high-efficiency particulate air filters can help reduce airborne pathogens and allergens, which is important for patients with compromised immune systems.

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Sarah, a 75-year-old woman with a history of COPD, has recently been experiencing frequent respiratory infections. As the nurse teaches her about the impact of aging on the immune system, which change should be emphasized?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Jacob, a 45-year-old man, receives an injection of immunoglobulin after exposure to Hepatitis B. Which of the following statements about the type of immunity Jacob now has are correct? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["C","D"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

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