(Select all that apply) A nurse is monitoring a postpartum woman who is taking codeine for severe pain after birth.
The nurse knows that codeine can pass through breastmilk and cause adverse effects in the baby.
Which signs and symptoms should the nurse watch for in the baby?
Increased alertness and activity
Decreased appetite and weight gain
Increased respiratory rate and depth
Decreased heart rate and blood pressure
Increased sleepiness and difficulty waking up
Correct Answer : E
Increased sleepiness and difficulty waking up are signs of central nervous system (CNS) depression in breastfed infants exposed to codeine through breast milk. Codeine is converted into morphine in the body, which can pass into breast milk and cause adverse effects in the baby. Codeine use by breastfeeding mothers can cause CNS depression in breastfed infants.
Therefore, the nurse should watch for increased sleepiness and difficulty waking up in the baby.
Choice A is wrong because increased alertness and activity are not signs of CNS depression.
They are more likely to be signs of stimulation or agitation.
Choice B is wrong because decreased appetite and weight gain are not specific signs of codeine exposure.
They can be caused by many other factors, such as illness, infection, or poor latch.
Choice C is wrong because increased respiratory rate and depth are not signs of CNS depression.
They are more likely to be signs of respiratory distress or infection.
Choice D is wrong because decreased heart rate and blood pressure are not signs of CNS depression.
They are more likely to be signs of shock or hypovolemia.
Normal ranges for vital signs in newborns are:
• Heart rate: 100 to 160 beats per minute
• Respiratory rate: 30 to 60 breaths per minute
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Naloxone (Narcan) is a specific opiate antagonist that can reverse respiratory depression in newborn infants that may be due to transplacentally acquired opiates.It can be given intravenously, intramuscularly, intraosseously or subcutaneously.The recommended dose is 100 microgram/kg.
Choice B is wrong because nalbuphine (Nubain) is a mixed opiate agonist-antagonist that can cause respiratory depression and withdrawal symptoms in opioid-dependent mothers and infants.
Choice C is wrong because butorphanol (Stadol) is another mixed opiate agonist-antagonist that can have similar effects as nalbuphine.
Choice D is wrong because fentanyl (Sublimaze) is a synthetic opioid that can cause respiratory depression and sedation in both mothers and infants.
Normal ranges for respiratory rate in newborn infants are 30 to 60 breaths per minute.
Normal ranges for oxygen saturation in newborn infants are 90% to 100%.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A, C, D and E. These are all non-pharmacological methods of pain relief that can be used during labor.They work by providing natural pain relief, increasing endorphins, creating competing impulses in the nervous system, or reducing muscle tension and anxiety.
Choice B, biofeedback, is wrong because it is a technique that involves monitoring and controlling physiological responses such as heart rate, blood pressure, muscle tension, and brain waves.It requires special equipment and training and is not commonly used during labor.
Normal ranges for pain during labor vary depending on the individual, the stage of labor, and the method of pain relief.Some factors that can influence pain perception are fear, anxiety, fatigue, previous experiences, expectations, and coping skills.
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