(select all that apply) A nurse is teaching a breastfeeding client about engorgement prevention and management.

What should the nurse include in the teaching?

The correct answer is choice A. Lochia rubra.This is because lochia rubra is the first stage of postpartum bleeding and discharge, which lasts for about three to four days after giving birth.Lochia rubra is dark or bright red in color and contains blood, mucus, uterine tissue and other materials from the uterus.

Choice B.Lochia serosa is wrong because lochia serosa is the second stage of postpartum bleeding and discharge, which lasts for four to 12 days after giving birth.Lochia serosa is pinkish brown in color and thinner and more watery than lochia rubra.

Choice C.Lochia alba is wrong because lochia alba is the third and final stage of postpartum bleeding and discharge, which lasts from about 12 days to six weeks after giving birth.Lochia alba is yellowish white in color and contains little to no blood.

Choice D.No lochia is wrong because lochia is a normal part of the postpartum healing process and does not usually cause complications.Lochia helps clear the uterus of any residual tissue, blood and fluid after pregnancy.No lochia may indicate a problem such as infection or retained placenta.

The correct answer is choice C.“I should report foul odor.” This indicates an understanding of the teaching because foul odor is a sign of infection and should be reported to the healthcare provider.Lochia is the normal vaginal discharge after childbirth that contains blood, mucus, uterine tissue and other materials.It has three stages: lochia rubra (red), lochia serosa (pinkish brown) and lochia alba (yellowish white).Lochia usually lasts for four to eight weeks.

Choice A is wrong because heavy bleeding is expected for the first few days after delivery and then gradually decreases.However, if the bleeding is excessive or does not slow down, it could indicate a postpartum hemorrhage and should be reported immediately.

Choice B is wrong because abdominal pain is normal after delivery as the uterus contracts and shrinks back to its pre-pregnancy size.However, if the pain is severe or does not improve with pain medication, it could indicate a complication such as infection or retained placenta and should be reported.

Choice D is wrong because perineal itching is common after delivery due to healing of the tissues and stitches.However, if the itching is accompanied by redness, swelling, discharge or fever, it could indicate an infection and should be reported.