Select the bone disorder in which bone resorption outpaces bone deposition, leaving the person with thin and often very fragile bones.
Osteomalacia
Rickets
Osteoporosis
Paget’s disease
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Osteomalacia is a condition characterized by softening of the bones due to defective bone mineralization, often caused by vitamin D deficiency. While it leads to bone weakness and pain, it does not primarily involve an imbalance between bone resorption and deposition.
Choice B reason: Rickets is the pediatric counterpart of osteomalacia and results from inadequate vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate. It causes bone deformities due to poor mineralization but is not defined by excessive bone resorption.
Choice C reason: Osteoporosis is the correct answer. It is a systemic skeletal disorder marked by decreased bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. The hallmark of osteoporosis is that bone resorption by osteoclasts exceeds bone formation by osteoblasts, leading to porous, fragile bones and increased fracture risk.
Choice D reason: Paget’s disease involves disorganized bone remodeling, with excessive bone resorption followed by abnormal bone formation. However, the newly formed bone is structurally unsound and enlarged, not necessarily thin or fragile in the same way as osteoporosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Protraction and retraction refer to the forward and backward movement of the mandible, which occurs during certain chewing motions but is not the primary movement involved in chewing.
Choice B reason: Opposition and reposition are movements of the thumb and fingers, not the mandible. They are unrelated to chewing.
Choice C reason: Pronation is a rotational movement of the forearm, not the mandible. Elevation is correct, but pronation does not apply to jaw movement.
Choice D reason: Elevation and depression are the correct movements involved in chewing. Elevation closes the jaw (biting), and depression opens it (jaw lowering).
Choice E reason: Supination is also a forearm movement and does not apply to the mandible. Depression is correct, but supination is irrelevant here.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Central lamellae do not exist as a recognized anatomical term. The central canal, however, is part of an osteon and contains blood vessels and nerves. It does not refer to lamellae between osteons.
Choice B reason: Circumferential lamellae are located around the outer and inner surfaces of compact bone, encircling the entire bone structure. They are not found between osteons.
Choice C reason: Interstitial lamellae are remnants of old osteons that have been partially resorbed during bone remodeling. They fill the spaces between current osteons and are not part of any single osteon, making them the correct answer.
Choice D reason: Concentric lamellae are rings of bone matrix that surround the central canal within an osteon. They are integral to the osteon structure and not found between osteons.
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