Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), such as Duloxetine, are used for generalized anxiety disorder. Which of the following increases the risk for the client developing serotonin syndrome?

Missing a dose of medication that increases serotonin levels

Taking monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) medication

Taking serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI) as directed

Combining medications that increase serotonin levels

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason:

Missing a dose of medication that increases serotonin levels does not typically increase the risk of serotonin syndrome. In fact, missing a dose may lead to lower levels of serotonin in the body, which is contrary to the condition of serotonin syndrome that arises from an excess of serotonin.

Choice B reason:

Taking MAOI medication alone does not inherently increase the risk of serotonin syndrome. However, combining MAOIs with other medications that affect serotonin levels can significantly increase the risk. It is crucial to avoid taking MAOIs and other serotonergic drugs concurrently without medical supervision.

Choice C reason:

Taking SNRIs as directed by a healthcare provider generally does not increase the risk of serotonin syndrome. These medications are designed to be taken regularly to manage conditions like anxiety and depression. However, any changes in dosage or frequency should be done under medical guidance to avoid any adverse effects.

Choice D reason:

Combining medications that increase serotonin levels is the primary risk factor for developing serotonin syndrome. This can occur when a patient takes multiple serotonergic drugs, such as combining an SNRI with an SSRI, certain pain medications, or even some over-the-counter drugs and supplements that increase serotonin levels. This combination can lead to an excessive accumulation of serotonin in the body, triggering the symptoms of serotonin syndrome.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:
Caffeine is not typically associated with liver cirrhosis. While excessive consumption of caffeine can have various health implications, it is not considered a direct cause of liver cirrhosis. The liver metabolizes caffeine without significant damage or scarring to the liver tissue.

Choice B reason:
Alcohol is the primary cause of liver cirrhosis in many cases. Chronic alcohol abuse leads to liver damage and subsequent scarring, known as cirrhosis. The liver's function is to process and filter toxins, including alcohol. Excessive and prolonged alcohol consumption overwhelms the liver's ability to process it, leading to inflammation, damage, and eventually scarring of the liver tissue.

Choice C reason:
Inhalants are substances that produce chemical vapors that can be inhaled to induce a psychoactive, or mind-altering, effect. While they can cause a range of acute and chronic health issues, including damage to the heart, kidneys, lungs, and brain, they are not commonly associated with liver cirrhosis. Liver cirrhosis is not a typical consequence of inhalant use.

Choice D reason:
Cocaine use can lead to various health problems, including cardiovascular and neurological issues, but it is not commonly identified as a primary cause of liver cirrhosis. Cocaine metabolites can be toxic to the liver; however, the direct causation of cirrhosis from cocaine alone is less established compared to alcohol-related liver disease.

A. Risk for aspiration related to impaired gag reflex. B. Risk for injury related to impaired coordination and judgment. C. Impaired liver function related to alcohol toxicity. D. Risk for falls related to dizziness and unsteady gait. E. Risk for infection related to impaired immune function.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason:
Aspiration is a significant risk for clients with acute alcohol intoxication due to an impaired gag reflex. Alcohol can depress the central nervous system, leading to a decreased level of consciousness and a diminished gag reflex, which increases the risk of aspiration of gastric contents into the lungs.

Choice B Reason:
Impaired coordination and judgment are common in acute alcohol intoxication, increasing the risk of injury. Alcohol affects the cerebellum, the part of the brain that regulates coordination and balance, as well as the frontal lobes, which are responsible for judgment and decision-making.

Choice C Reason:
Alcohol is metabolized by the liver, and excessive alcohol intake can lead to alcohol toxicity and liver impairment. Acute alcohol intoxication can cause hepatic steatosis, alcoholic hepatitis, and even acute liver failure in severe cases.

Choice D Reason:
Dizziness and an unsteady gait are direct effects of alcohol's impact on the vestibular system and the brain's ability to process spatial information, leading to an increased risk of falls.

Choice E Reason:
Alcohol intoxication can impair immune function, making the client more susceptible to infections. Alcohol disrupts immune pathways in complex ways, which can impair the body's ability to defend against infections

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Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), such as Duloxetine, are used for generalized anxiety disorder. Which of the following increases the risk for the client developing serotonin syndrome?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a community education course about the physical complications related to substance use disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the primary cause of liver cirrhosis?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with a blood alcohol level of 36%. Which of the following should be included in the priority risk assessment for a client with acute alcohol intoxication? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

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