The charge nurse on a medical unit is preparing to admit several clients who have possible pandemic flu during a preparedness drill.
What action by the nurse is best?
Admit the clients on Contact Precautions.
Inquire as to recent travel outside the United States.
Do not allow pregnant caregivers to care for these clients.
Place the clients on enhanced Droplet Precautions.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Contact Precautions are indicated for infections spread by direct or indirect contact with the client or their environment. While some aspects of pandemic flu transmission might involve fomites, the primary mode of transmission for influenza viruses is through respiratory droplets. Relying solely on contact precautions would be insufficient for comprehensive infection control in a pandemic flu scenario.
Choice B rationale
Inquiring about recent travel is a valuable step in epidemiological assessment for infectious diseases, helping to identify potential sources and transmission routes. However, during a preparedness drill for *pandemic* flu, the assumption is widespread community transmission or high risk, making travel history less critical for immediate client placement decisions compared to airborne/droplet precautions.
Choice C rationale
While specific guidelines for pregnant healthcare workers during pandemics may vary, a blanket statement prohibiting all pregnant caregivers from caring for clients with possible pandemic flu is overly restrictive and may not be necessary. Decisions regarding pregnant caregivers should be based on a comprehensive risk assessment, available personal protective equipment (PPE), and individual circumstances, not an absolute prohibition.
Choice D rationale
Pandemic influenza viruses are primarily transmitted via respiratory droplets, generated when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, and these droplets can travel short distances and deposit on mucous membranes. Enhanced Droplet Precautions, which often include a surgical mask for the caregiver, eye protection, and standard precautions, are crucial to prevent transmission for airborne diseases.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Antitubercular medications are not typically taken for the rest of a client's life. The standard treatment duration for active pulmonary tuberculosis is a multi-drug regimen lasting typically 6 to 9 months. Prolonged unnecessary use can lead to increased side effects and antibiotic resistance without additional therapeutic benefit.
Choice B rationale
The Mantoux test, or tuberculin skin test, indicates exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis but does not confirm active disease or determine treatment effectiveness. A positive Mantoux test can persist for life even after successful treatment. Treatment efficacy is primarily monitored through symptom resolution and sputum smear/culture negativity.
Choice C rationale
A typical course of antitubercular treatment involves a multi-drug regimen administered consistently for 6 to 9 months. This prolonged duration is critical to eradicate the slow-growing Mycobacterium tuberculosis and prevent the development of drug resistance, ensuring complete cure and minimizing relapse. Inconsistent or premature cessation of therapy can lead to treatment failure and resistance.
Choice D rationale
Not all family members of a client with pulmonary tuberculosis will need to take medications. Prophylactic treatment (latent TB infection therapy) is typically recommended for close contacts, especially children and immunocompromised individuals, after they have been evaluated for latent TB infection (positive tuberculin skin test or interferon-gamma release assay) to prevent progression to active disease.
Correct Answer is ["200"]
Explanation
Calculate the milligrams per dose. 600 mg/day ÷ 3 doses/day = 200 mg/dose. The patient will receive 200 mg per dose.
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