What will the nurse teach the child with cystic fibrosis to take in order to facilitate digestion and absorption of nutrients?
Pancreatic enzymes.
Water-soluble minerals.
Fat-soluble vitamins.
Salt supplements.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Cystic fibrosis primarily affects exocrine glands, leading to thick, viscous secretions that obstruct the pancreatic ducts. This obstruction prevents the release of pancreatic enzymes (e.g., lipase, amylase, protease) into the small intestine, impairing the digestion of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, thus requiring exogenous enzyme supplementation.
Choice B rationale
Water-soluble minerals like sodium, potassium, and chloride are generally absorbed through active transport or diffusion in the intestines. While fluid and electrolyte imbalances can occur in CF, the primary digestive issue is enzyme deficiency, not a direct lack of water-soluble mineral absorption, although some may be affected indirectly.
Choice C rationale
Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) require pancreatic lipase for their absorption, as they are dissolved in dietary fats. Due to the impaired fat digestion in CF, malabsorption of these vitamins is common, necessitating supplementation, but the fundamental issue addressed by enzymes is overall nutrient digestion, not just vitamins.
Choice D rationale
Salt supplements are often required in cystic fibrosis due to excessive sodium and chloride loss in sweat, particularly during hot weather or exercise. However, salt supplements do not directly facilitate the digestion and absorption of macronutrients; their role is to maintain electrolyte balance and prevent dehydration.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Wrapping the infant too snugly, especially around the head, can lead to overheating, which is a known risk factor for SIDS. Overheating can interfere with an infant's ability to arouse from sleep, a protective mechanism against SIDS, and disrupt thermal regulation.
Choice B rationale
Positioning the infant prone (on their stomach) for sleep significantly increases the risk of SIDS. The prone position is associated with rebreathing of exhaled air, leading to carbon dioxide accumulation and oxygen depletion. It also increases the risk of airway obstruction and overheating, both contributing factors to SIDS.
Choice C rationale
Sitting an infant up in an infant seat for sleep is not recommended as a primary sleep position for preventing SIDS. While useful for transport, prolonged sleep in an infant seat can lead to airway compression, head entrapment, and an increased risk of positional asphyxiation, especially if the infant's head slumps forward.
Choice D rationale
Placing infants on their backs or sides for sleep significantly reduces the risk of SIDS. The supine (back) position prevents airway obstruction from rebreathing exhaled air and allows for optimal oxygenation. The side position, while acceptable, is less stable than the back position and is not as strongly recommended.
Correct Answer is ["50"]
Explanation
Step 1: Calculate the total puffs per day. 2 puffs/dose × 2 doses/day = 4 puffs/day.
Step 2: Calculate the number of days the inhaler will last. 200 puffs ÷ 4 puffs/day = 50 days. The inhaler will last 50 days.
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