The client has cancer and is being treated with chemotherapy. Over the course of the treatments, the client becomes very ill, is experiencing tremendous side effects from the therapy, and has a severe reduction in the quality of life. The specific ethical principle that is in question in this situation is:
nonmaleficence.
justice.
fidelity.
autonomy.
The Correct Answer is A
A. This principle emphasizes the duty to do no harm. In the case of the client undergoing chemotherapy and experiencing severe side effects that significantly reduce their quality of life, the principle of nonmaleficence comes into question. Chemotherapy, while aimed at treating cancer, often causes substantial side effects that can impact a patient's well-being
BThis principle relates to fairness and equality in the distribution of resources, treatments, and outcomes. In the context of cancer treatment, justice could be considered in terms of ensuring equitable access to chemotherapy and supportive care, regardless of socioeconomic status or other factors.
C Fidelity refers to the duty to be faithful, keep promises, and maintain trust in the patient-nurse relationship. In this context, fidelity would involve the nurse advocating for the client's best interests, including addressing their concerns about the severe side effects of chemotherapy and their impact on quality of life.
D. Autonomy refers to respecting the right of the patient to make their own decisions about their care and treatment. In the context of cancer treatment, autonomy would involve ensuring that the client has sufficient information about their condition, prognosis, treatment options, and potential side effects to make informed decisions. However, autonomy may also be challenged when severe side effects significantly impact the client's ability to maintain their desired quality of life despite ongoing treatment.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Confusion can be an early sign of hypoxia, especially when oxygen delivery to the brain is compromised. Inadequate oxygenation can affect cognitive function and mental status, leading to confusion. This occurs because the brain is highly sensitive to changes in oxygen levels.
B. Apnea refers to the absence of breathing. While severe hypoxia can lead to respiratory arrest and apnea, it is not typically an early manifestation of hypoxia. Early hypoxia is characterized by attempts to increase ventilation to compensate for decreased oxygen levels, rather than complete cessation of breathing.
C. Cyanosis occurs when there is a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood. Cyanosis is a late sign of hypoxia and usually indicates significant oxygen deprivation. It is not typically seen in early hypoxia stages.
DDysrhythmias (irregular heart rhythms) can occur as a result of hypoxia, especially if the heart muscle is not receiving enough oxygen. However, dysrhythmias are generally considered a later manifestation of hypoxia, as the heart attempts to compensate for decreased oxygen delivery.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
A. This is located on the lateral side of the thigh. It is a commonly used site for infants, toddlers, and young children, as well as adults who require large-volume injections.
B. This site is located on the hip or gluteal region. It is considered one of the safest and least painful sites for intramuscular injections in adults. It is also used when the volume of medication is larger or when the dorsogluteal site is contraindicated.
E. This site is located on the upper arm, specifically the lateral aspect. It is commonly used for vaccines and medications that require smaller volumes in adults and older children.
C. There is no specific muscle called the "rectus lateralis." It seems to be a combination of the rectus femoris (a muscle in the quadriceps group of the thigh) and the vastus lateralis. However, neither "rectus lateralis" nor "rectus femoris" is commonly used as a distinct injection site in clinical practice.
D. This site is located on the buttocks. Historically, it was a commonly used site for intramuscular injections, but it has fallen out of favor due to the potential risk of injury to the sciatic nerve and superior gluteal artery.
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