The client has cancer and is being treated with chemotherapy. Over the course of the treatments, the client becomes very ill, is experiencing tremendous side effects from the therapy, and has a severe reduction in the quality of life. The specific ethical principle that is in question in this situation is:

nonmaleficence.

justice.

fidelity.

autonomy.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. This principle emphasizes the duty to do no harm. In the case of the client undergoing chemotherapy and experiencing severe side effects that significantly reduce their quality of life, the principle of nonmaleficence comes into question. Chemotherapy, while aimed at treating cancer, often causes substantial side effects that can impact a patient's well-being

BThis principle relates to fairness and equality in the distribution of resources, treatments, and outcomes. In the context of cancer treatment, justice could be considered in terms of ensuring equitable access to chemotherapy and supportive care, regardless of socioeconomic status or other factors.

C Fidelity refers to the duty to be faithful, keep promises, and maintain trust in the patient-nurse relationship. In this context, fidelity would involve the nurse advocating for the client's best interests, including addressing their concerns about the severe side effects of chemotherapy and their impact on quality of life.

D. Autonomy refers to respecting the right of the patient to make their own decisions about their care and treatment. In the context of cancer treatment, autonomy would involve ensuring that the client has sufficient information about their condition, prognosis, treatment options, and potential side effects to make informed decisions. However, autonomy may also be challenged when severe side effects significantly impact the client's ability to maintain their desired quality of life despite ongoing treatment.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. Range-of-motion (ROM) exercises are essential in preventing contractures. These exercises aim to maintain or improve joint mobility by moving each joint through its full range of movement. They help stretch tight muscles and maintain flexibility, thereby preventing the progression of contractures.

A. While muscle strengthening exercises are beneficial for overall muscle health, in the context of contractures, the primary issue is the shortened and tight muscles. Strengthening exercises alone may not effectively address the contractures and could potentially exacerbate them.

B. Frequent repositioning is crucial to prevent and potentially reverse contractures. By changing the client's position regularly, pressure and stress on specific muscle groups are relieved, which can help prevent further tightening and promote flexibility. This intervention helps maintain joint mobility and prevents contractures from worsening.

D. Weight-bearing activities can be beneficial for joint health and bone density but may not directly address contractures. Contractures involve structural changes in the muscle-tendon unit rather than joint stiffness alone.

A. "All patients should be treated fairly, regardless of age, gender, or income." B. "We want to prevent harm by minimizing risk." C. "You will feel some discomfort during this procedure." D. "I have returned immediately, as promised, with your pain medication."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. This statement exemplifies the ethical principle of fidelity, also known as faithfulness or commitment. Fidelity involves keeping promises, being reliable, and fulfilling commitments made to patients. By returning promptly with the pain medication as promised, the nurse demonstrates fidelity by honoring their commitment to the patient's care and comfort.

A. This statement reflects the ethical principle of justice, which emphasizes fairness and equality in treatment for all patients. Justice ensures that resources and treatments are distributed fairly among individuals.

B This statement demonstrates the ethical principle of nonmaleficence, which focuses on preventing harm and minimizing risks to patients. It emphasizes the nurse's commitment to avoiding harm or injury to the patient.

C. This statement relates to truth-telling or veracity, which involves providing honest and accurate information to patients about their care, procedures, and potential outcomes. It reflects transparency and respect for patient autonomy.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The newly admitted client has contractures of both lower extremities. What nursing intervention should be included in this client's plan of care?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is considering ethical principles during rounds. Which nursing statement demonstrates the principle of fidelity?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse realizes that a medication error may have occurred. The nurse's first responsibility is to:

The nurse understands that which part(s) of an IV administration set must remain sterile? The: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

The nurse is aware that clients who prefer indoor activities to outdoor activities are at risk for which vitamin deficiency?

The nurse understands that motivation to learn is strongest when the client:

The nurse is assessing a client who has a respiratory problem. Which clinical manifestation is most reflective of early hypoxia?

A client is prescribed a cleansing enema. Prior to administering the enema, the client should be told to:

The nurse is providing care for a client in protective environment isolation. Which nursing action is the priority intervention?

The nurse, while obtaining the blood pressure reading of a client, is uncertain when the muffled sounds have ended. What is the nurse's best action at this time?