The clinic nurse receives a call from a parent of a 10-year-old who reports that their child just returned from summer camp and has developed an expanding circular red rash on the arm. The parent asks the nurse which over-the-counter (OTC) product is safe to use. How should the nurse respond?
Encourage the parent to come to the clinic if the child develops a fever.
Instruct the parent to apply an antihistamine ointment for one week.
Offer reassurance that OTC corticosteroid creams are safe and effective.
Explain the need for the child to have an immediate medical evaluation.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Encouraging the parent to come to the clinic if the child develops a fever is not the best response that the nurse can give. This is because a fever may indicate a serious infection, such as Lyme disease, that requires prompt treatment. The nurse should not wait for the child to develop a fever before advising the parent to seek medical attention.
Choice B reason: Instructing the parent to apply an antihistamine ointment for one week is not the best response that the nurse can give. This is because an antihistamine ointment may not be effective for a fungal infection, such as ringworm, or a bacterial infection, such as Lyme disease, that may cause a circular rash. The nurse should not recommend any OTC product without knowing the exact cause of the rash.
Choice C reason: Offering reassurance that OTC corticosteroid creams are safe and effective is not the best response that the nurse can give. This is because corticosteroid creams may worsen a fungal infection, such as ringworm, or mask the symptoms of a bacterial infection, such as Lyme disease, that may cause a circular rash. The nurse should not recommend any OTC product without knowing the exact cause of the rash.
Choice D reason: Explaining the need for the child to have an immediate medical evaluation is the best response that the nurse can give. This is because a circular rash can be a sign of a serious condition, such as Lyme disease, that requires urgent diagnosis and treatment. The nurse should inform the parent that the rash may not be ringworm, as many people assume, and that it may be caused by a tick bite or another factor. The nurse should also advise the parent to avoid touching or scratching the rash and to keep it clean and dry until the child sees a doctor.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Autonomy is not the stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development that the nurse is addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections. Autonomy is the stage that occurs from 18 months to 3 years of age, when the child develops a sense of independence and self-control. The conflict in this stage is between autonomy and shame and doubt. The nurse may address this stage when teaching the client's parents about how to support their child's autonomy and avoid overprotection or criticism.
Choice B reason: Identity is not the stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development that the nurse is addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections. Identity is the stage that occurs from 12 to 18 years of age, when the adolescent develops a sense of self and personal identity. The conflict in this stage is between identity and role confusion. The nurse may address this stage when teaching the client about how to cope with the psychosocial challenges of having a chronic condition and how to maintain a positive self-image and self-esteem.
Choice C reason: Industry is the stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development that the nurse is addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections. Industry is the stage that occurs from 6 to 11 years of age, when the child develops a sense of competence and achievement. The conflict in this stage is between industry and inferiority. The nurse may address this stage when teaching the client about how to manage their diabetes and how to acquire the skills and knowledge needed for self-care and health promotion.
Choice D reason: Initiative is not the stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development that the nurse is addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections. Initiative is the stage that occurs from 3 to 6 years of age, when the child develops a sense of initiative and creativity. The conflict in this stage is between initiative and guilt. The nurse may address this stage when teaching the client about how to express their feelings and opinions about their diabetes and how to participate in decision-making and problem-solving.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Positioning the infant on the stomach occasionally when awake and active is the best response that the nurse can give to the mother. This is because it can help prevent and correct the flat head syndrome, also known as plagiocephaly, by taking pressure off the back of the head and allowing the skull to reshape naturally. It can also promote the infant's motor development and strengthen the neck and shoulder muscles. However, the nurse should also remind the mother to always place the infant on the back when sleeping, as this is the safest position to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) .
Choice B reason: Turning the infant on the left side braced against the crib when sleeping is not a good response that the nurse can give to the mother. This is because it can increase the risk of SIDS, as the infant may roll over to the stomach or suffocate from the bedding or the crib. It can also worsen the flat head syndrome by creating another flat spot on the left side of the head.
Choice C reason: Placing a small pillow under the infant's head while lying on the back is not a good response that the nurse can give to the mother. This is because it can increase the risk of SIDS, as the pillow may cover the infant's face or cause the infant to overheat. It can also interfere with the natural reshaping of the skull and cause neck strain.
Choice D reason: Propping the infant in a sitting position with a cushion when not sleeping is not a good response that the nurse can give to the mother. This is because it can put too much pressure on the spine and the pelvis, which are still developing in the infant. It can also limit the infant's movement and exploration, which are important for learning and development.
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